EDURANT 25 MG Oral Tablet
DRUG INTERACTIONS
7 [See Dosage and Administration (2), Contraindications (4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3).] Rilpivirine is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A, and drugs that induce or inhibit CYP3A may thus affect the clearance of rilpivirine. Co-administration of EDURANT and drugs that induce CYP3A may result in decreased plasma concentrations of rilpivirine and loss of virologic response and possible resistance to rilpivirine or to the class of NNRTIs. Co-administration of EDURANT and drugs that inhibit CYP3A may result in increased plasma concentrations of rilpivirine. Co-administration of EDURANT with drugs that increase gastric pH may result in decreased plasma concentrations of rilpivirine and loss of virologic response and possible resistance to rilpivirine or to the class of NNRTIs. EDURANT at a dose of 25 mg once daily is not likely to have a clinically relevant effect on the exposure of drugs metabolized by CYP enzymes. Table 4 shows the established and other potentially significant drug interactions based on which alterations in dose or regimen of EDURANT and/or co-administered drug may be recommended. Drugs that are not recommended for co-administration with EDURANT are also included in Table 4. Table 4: Established and Other Potentially Significant Drug Interactions: Alterations in Dose or Regimen May Be Recommended Based on Drug Interaction Studies or Predicted Interaction [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] Concomitant Drug Class: Drug Name Effect on Concentration of Rilpivirine or Concomitant Drug Clinical Comment ↑ = increase, ↓ = decrease, ↔ = no change HIV-Antiviral Agents: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) didanosineThe interaction between EDURANT and the drug was evaluated in a clinical study. All other drug-drug interactions shown are predicted. This interaction study has been performed with a dose higher than the recommended dose for EDURANT assessing the maximal effect on the co-administered drug. The dosing recommendation is applicable to the recommended dose of EDURANT 25 mg once daily. ↔ rilpivirine ↔ didanosine No dose adjustment is required when EDURANT is co-administered with didanosine. Didanosine is to be administered on an empty stomach and at least two hours before or at least four hours after EDURANT (which should be administered with a meal). HIV-Antiviral Agents: Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) NNRTI (delavirdine) ↑ rilpivirine ↔ delavirdine It is not recommended to co-administer EDURANT with delavirdine and other NNRTIs. Other NNRTIs (efavirenz, etravirine, nevirapine) ↓ rilpivirine ↔ other NNRTIs HIV-Antiviral Agents: Protease Inhibitors (PIs)-Boosted (i.e., with co-administration of low-dose ritonavir) or Unboosted (i.e., without co-administration of low-dose ritonavir) darunavir/ritonavir ↑ rilpivirine ↔ boosted darunavir Concomitant use of EDURANT with darunavir/ritonavir may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). No dose adjustment is required when EDURANT is co-administered with darunavir/ritonavir. lopinavir/ritonavir ↑ rilpivirine ↔ boosted lopinavir Concomitant use of EDURANT with lopinavir/ritonavir may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). No dose adjustment is required when EDURANT is co-administered with lopinavir/ritonavir. other boosted PIs (atazanavir/ritonavir, fosamprenavir/ritonavir, saquinavir/ritonavir, tipranavir/ritonavir) ↑ rilpivirine ↔ boosted PI Concomitant use of EDURANT with boosted PIs may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). EDURANT is not expected to affect the plasma concentrations of co-administered PIs. unboosted PIs (atazanavir, fosamprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir) ↑ rilpivirine ↔ unboosted PI Concomitant use of EDURANT with unboosted PIs may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). EDURANT is not expected to affect the plasma concentrations of co-administered PIs. Other Agents Antacids: antacids (e.g., aluminum or magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate) ↔ rilpivirine (antacids taken at least 2 hours before or at least 4 hours after rilpivirine) The combination of EDURANT and antacids should be used with caution as co-administration may cause significant decreases in rilpivirine plasma concentrations (increase in gastric pH). Antacids should only be administered either at least 2 hours before or at least 4 hours after EDURANT. ↓ rilpivirine (concomitant intake) Antimycobacterials: rifabutin ↓ rilpivirine Concomitant use of EDURANT with rifabutin may cause a decrease in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (induction of CYP3A enzymes). Throughout co-administration of EDURANT with rifabutin, the EDURANT dose should be increased from 25 mg once daily to 50 mg once daily. When rifabutin co-administration is stopped, the EDURANT dose should be decreased to 25 mg once daily. Azole Antifungal Agents: fluconazole itraconazole ketoconazole posaconazole voriconazole ↑ rilpivirine ↓ ketoconazole Concomitant use of EDURANT with azole antifungal agents may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). No rilpivirine dose adjustment is required when EDURANT is co-administered with azole antifungal agents. Clinically monitor for breakthrough fungal infections when azole antifungals are co-administered with EDURANT. H2-Receptor Antagonists: cimetidine famotidine nizatidine ranitidine ↔ rilpivirine (famotidine taken 12 hours before rilpivirine or 4 hours after rilpivirine) The combination of EDURANT and H2-receptor antagonists should be used with caution as co-administration may cause significant decreases in rilpivirine plasma concentrations (increase in gastric pH). H2-receptor antagonists should only be administered at least 12 hours before or at least 4 hours after EDURANT. ↓ rilpivirine (famotidine taken 2 hours before rilpivirine) Macrolide or ketolide antibiotics: clarithromycin erythromycin telithromycin ↑ rilpivirine ↔ clarithromycin ↔ erythromycin ↔ telithromycin Concomitant use of EDURANT with clarithromycin, erythromycin or telithromycin may cause an increase in the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine (inhibition of CYP3A enzymes). Where possible, alternatives such as azithromycin should be considered. Narcotic Analgesics: methadone ↓ R(-) methadone ↓ S(+) methadone No dose adjustments are required when initiating co-administration of methadone with EDURANT. However, clinical monitoring is recommended as methadone maintenance therapy may need to be adjusted in some patients. In addition to the drugs included in Table 4, the interaction between EDURANT and the following drugs was evaluated in clinical studies and no dose adjustment is needed for either drug [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]: acetaminophen, atorvastatin, chlorzoxazone, ethinylestradiol, norethindrone, raltegravir, sildenafil, telaprevir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Rilpivirine did not have a clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin or metformin. No clinically relevant drug-drug interaction is expected when EDURANT is co-administered with maraviroc, ribavirin or the NRTIs abacavir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, stavudine and zidovudine. EDURANT should not be used in combination with NNRTIs. (7) Co-administration of EDURANT with drugs that induce or inhibit CYP3A may affect the plasma concentrations of rilpivirine. (7) Co-administration of EDURANT with drugs that increase gastric pH may decrease plasma concentrations of rilpivirine. (7) Refer to the Full Prescribing Information for other drugs that should not be co-administered with EDURANT and for other drugs that may require a change in dose or regimen. (7) QT Prolonging Drugs There is limited information available on the potential for a pharmacodynamic interaction between rilpivirine and drugs that prolong the QTc interval of the electrocardiogram. In a study of healthy subjects, supratherapeutic doses of rilpivirine (75 mg once daily and 300 mg once daily) have been shown to prolong the QTc interval of the electrocardiogram [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. EDURANT should be used with caution when co-administered with a drug with a known risk of Torsade de Pointes.
OVERDOSAGE
10 There is no specific antidote for overdose with EDURANT. Human experience of overdose with EDURANT is limited. Treatment of overdose with EDURANT consists of general supportive measures including monitoring of vital signs and ECG (QT interval) as well as observation of the clinical status of the patient. Administration of activated charcoal may be used to aid in removal of unabsorbed active substance. Since rilpivirine is highly bound to plasma protein, dialysis is unlikely to result in significant removal of the active substance.
DESCRIPTION
11 EDURANT (rilpivirine) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). EDURANT is available as a white to off-white, film-coated, round, biconvex, 6.4 mm tablet for oral administration. Each tablet contains 27.5 mg of rilpivirine hydrochloride, which is equivalent to 25 mg of rilpivirine. The chemical name for rilpivirine hydrochloride is 4-[[4-[[4-[(E)-2-cyanoethenyl]-2,6-dimethylphenyl]amino]-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]benzonitrile monohydrochloride. Its molecular formula is C22H18N6 ∙ HCl and its molecular weight is 402.88. Rilpivirine hydrochloride has the following structural formula: Rilpivirine hydrochloride is a white to almost white powder. Rilpivirine hydrochloride is practically insoluble in water over a wide pH range. Each EDURANT tablet also contains the inactive ingredients croscarmellose sodium, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polysorbate 20, povidone K30 and silicified microcrystalline cellulose. The tablet coating contains hypromellose 2910 6 mPa.s, lactose monohydrate, PEG 3000, titanium dioxide and triacetin. Chemical Structure
CLINICAL STUDIES
14 14.1 Treatment-Naïve Adult Subjects The evidence of efficacy of EDURANT is based on the analyses of 48- and 96-week data from 2 randomized, double-blinded, active controlled, Phase 3 trials TMC278-C209 (ECHO) and TMC278-C215 (THRIVE) in antiretroviral treatment-naïve adults. Antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected subjects enrolled in the Phase 3 trials had a plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥ 5000 copies/mL and were screened for susceptibility to N(t)RTIs and for absence of specific NNRTI RAMs. The Phase 3 trials were identical in design, with the exception of the background regimen (BR). In TMC278-C209, the BR was fixed to the N(t)RTIs, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine. In TMC278-C215, the BR consisted of 2 investigator-selected N(t)RTIs: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine or zidovudine plus lamivudine or abacavir plus lamivudine. In both trials, randomization was stratified by screening viral load. In TMC278-C215, randomization was also stratified by N(t)RTI BR. In the pooled analysis for TMC278-C209 and TMC278-C215, demographics and baseline characteristics were balanced between the EDURANT arm and the efavirenz arm. Table 10 displays selected demographic and baseline disease characteristics of the subjects in the EDURANT and efavirenz arms. Table 10: Demographic and Baseline Disease Characteristics of Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Adult Subjects in the TMC278-C209 and TMC278-C215 Trials (Pooled Analysis) Pooled Data from the Phase 3 TMC278-C209 and TMC278-C215 Trials EDURANT + BR N=686 Efavirenz + BR N=682 BR=background regimen Demographic Characteristics Median Age, years (range) 36 (18–78) 36 (19–69) Sex Male 76% 76% Female 24% 24% Race White 61% 60% Black/African American 24% 23% Asian 11% 14% Other 2% 2% Not allowed to ask per local regulations 1% 1% Baseline Disease Characteristics Median Baseline Plasma HIV-1 RNA (range), log10 copies/mL 5.0 (2–7) 5.0 (3–7) Percentage of Patients with Baseline Plasma Viral Load: ≤ 100,000 54% 48% > 100,000 to ≤ 500,000 36% 40% > 500,000 10% 12% Median Baseline CD4+ Cell Count (range), cells/mm3 249 (1–888) 260 (1–1137) Percentage of Subjects with: Hepatitis B/C Virus Co-infection 7% 10% Percentage of Patients with the following background regimens: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine 80% 80% zidovudine plus lamivudine 15% 15% abacavir plus lamivudine 5% 5% Week 96 efficacy outcomes for subjects treated with EDURANT 25 mg once daily from the pooled analysis are shown in Table 11. The incidence of virologic failure was higher in the EDURANT arm than the efavirenz arm at Week 96. Virologic failures and discontinuations due to adverse events mostly occurred in the first 48 weeks of treatment. Table 11: Virologic Outcome of Randomized Treatment of Studies TMC278-C209 and TMC278-C215 (Pooled Data) at Week 96 EDURANT + BR N=686 Efavirenz + BR N=682 N = total number of subjects per treatment group; BR = background regimen. Note: Analysis was based on the last observed viral load data within the Week 96 window (Week 90–103), respectively. HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mLCI = Predicted difference (95% CI) of response rate is -0.2 (-4.7; 4.3) at Week 96. 76% 77% HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mLIncludes subjects who had ≥ 50 copies/mL in the Week 96 window, subjects who discontinued early due to lack or loss of efficacy, subjects who discontinued for reasons other than an adverse event, death or lack or loss of efficacy and at the time of discontinuation had a viral value of ≥ 50 copies/mL, and subjects who had a switch in background regimen that was not permitted by the protocol. 16% 10% No virologic data at Week 96 window Reasons Discontinued study due to adverse event or deathIncludes subjects who discontinued due to an adverse event or death if this resulted in no on-treatment virologic data in the Week 96 window. 4% 8% Discontinued study for other reasons and last available HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL (or missing)Includes subjects who discontinued for reasons other than an adverse event, death or lack or loss of efficacy, e.g., withdrew consent, loss to follow-up, etc. 4% 5% Missing data during window but on study < 1% < 1% HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL by Baseline HIV-1 RNA (copies/mL) ≤ 100,000 82% 78% > 100,000 70% 75% HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL by Baseline HIV-1 RNA (copies/mL) ≤ 100,000 9% 8% > 100,000 24% 11% HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL by CD4+ cell count (cells/mm3) < 200 68% 74% ≥ 200 81% 77% HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL by CD4+ cell count (cells/mm3) < 200 27% 10% ≥ 200 10% 9% At Week 96, the mean CD4+ cell count increase from baseline was 228 cells/mm3 for EDURANT-treated subjects and 219 cells/mm3 for efavirenz-treated subjects in the pooled analysis of the TMC278-C209 and TMC278-C215 trials. Study TMC278-C204 was a randomized, active-controlled, Phase 2b trial in antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected adult subjects consisting of 2 parts: an initial 96 weeks, partially-blinded dose-finding part [EDURANT doses blinded] followed by a long-term, open-label part. After Week 96, subjects randomized to one of the 3 doses of EDURANT were switched to EDURANT 25 mg once daily. Subjects in the control arm received efavirenz 600 mg once daily in addition to a BR in both parts of the study. The BR consisted of 2 investigator-selected N(t)RTIs: zidovudine plus lamivudine or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine. Study TMC278-C204 enrolled 368 HIV-1-infected treatment-naïve adult subjects who had a plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥ 5000 copies/ml, previously received ≤ 2 weeks of treatment with an N(t)RTI or protease inhibitor, had no prior use of NNRTIs, and were screened for susceptibility to N(t)RTI and for absence of specific NNRTI RAMs. At 96 weeks, the proportion of subjects with <50 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml receiving EDURANT 25 mg (N = 93) compared to subjects receiving efavirenz (N = 89) was 76% and 71%, respectively. The mean increase from baseline in CD4+ counts was 146 cells/mm3 in subjects receiving EDURANT 25 mg and 160 cells/mm3 in subjects receiving efavirenz. At 240 weeks, 60% (56/93) of subjects who originally received 25 mg once daily achieved HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL compared to 57% (51/89) of subjects in the control group. 14.2 Treatment-Naïve Pediatric Subjects (12 to less than 18 years of age) The pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability and efficacy of EDURANT 25 mg once daily, in combination with an investigator-selected background regimen (BR) containing two NRTIs, was evaluated in trial TMC278-C213, a single-arm, open-label Phase 2 trial in antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected pediatric subjects 12 to less than 18 years of age and weighing at least 32 kg. Thirty six (36) subjects were enrolled in the trial to complete at least 48 weeks of treatment. The 36 subjects had a median age of 14.5 years (range: 12 to 17 years), and were 55.6% female, 88.9% Black and 11.1% Asian. In the efficacy analysis, most subjects (75%; 28/36) had baseline HIV RNA <100,000 copies/mL. For these 28 subjects the median baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA was 44,250 (range: 2,060–92,600 copies/mL) and the median baseline CD4+ cell count was 445.5 cells/mm3 (range: 123 to 983 cells/mm3). Among the subjects who had baseline HIV RNA ≤ 100,000, the proportion with HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at Week 48 was 79% (22/28), versus 50.0% (4/8) in those with >100,000 copies/mL. The proportion of virologic failures among subjects with a baseline viral load ≤100,000 copies/mL was 21.4% (6/28), versus 37.5% (3/8) in those with >100,000 copies/mL. At Week 48, the mean increase in CD4+ cell count from baseline was 201.2 cells/mm3.
HOW SUPPLIED
16 /STORAGE AND HANDLING EDURANT (rilpivirine) tablets are supplied as white to off-white, film-coated, round, biconvex, 6.4 mm tablets. Each tablet contains 27.5 mg of rilpivirine hydrochloride, which is equivalent to 25 mg of rilpivirine. Each tablet is debossed with “TMC” on one side and “25” on the other side. EDURANT tablets are packaged in bottles in the following configuration: 25 mg tablets-bottles of 30 (NDC 59676-278-01). Store EDURANT tablets in the original bottle in order to protect from light. Store EDURANT tablets at 25°C (77°F); with excursions permitted to 15°–30°C (59°–86°F) [see USP controlled room temperature].
RECENT MAJOR CHANGES
Indications and Usage (1) 08/2015 Dosage and Administration (2) 08/2015 Warnings and Precautions, Skin and Hypersensitivity Reactions (5.2) 05/2015 Warnings and Precautions, Depressive Disorders (5.3) 08/2015
GERIATRIC USE
8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical studies of EDURANT did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. In general, caution should be exercised in the administration and monitoring of EDURANT in elderly patients reflecting the greater frequency of decreased renal and hepatic function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
3 25 mg white to off-white, film-coated, round, biconvex, tablet of 6.4 mm, debossed with “TMC” on one side and “25” on the other side. Each tablet contains 27.5 mg of rilpivirine hydrochloride, which is equivalent to 25 mg of rilpivirine. 25 mg tablets (3)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
12.1 Mechanism of Action Rilpivirine is an antiviral drug [see Microbiology (12.4)].
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
1 EDURANT®, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, is indicated for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in antiretroviral treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 RNA less than or equal to 100,000 copies/mL at the start of therapy. EDURANT is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) indicated – in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in treatment-naïve patients with HIV-1 RNA less than or equal to 100,000 copies/mL (1). Limitations of Use: More EDURANT treated subjects with HIV-1 RNA greater than 100,000 copies/mL at the start of therapy experienced virologic failure (HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL) compared to EDURANT treated subjects with HIV-1 RNA less than or equal to 100,000 copies/mL. (1, 14) Regardless of HIV-1 RNA at the start of therapy, more EDURANT treated subjects with CD4+ cell count less than 200 cells/mm3 at the start of therapy experienced virologic failure compared to subjects with CD4+ cell count greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3. (1, 14) The observed virologic failure rate in EDURANT treated subjects conferred a higher rate of overall treatment resistance and cross-resistance to the NNRTI class compared to efavirenz. (1, 12.4) More subjects treated with EDURANT developed tenofovir and lamivudine/emtricitabine associated resistance compared to efavirenz. (1, 12.4, 14) Limitations of Use: More EDURANT treated subjects with HIV-1 RNA greater than 100,000 copies/mL at the start of therapy experienced virologic failure (HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL) compared to EDURANT treated subjects with HIV-1 RNA less than or equal to 100,000 copies/mL [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Regardless of HIV-1 RNA at the start of therapy, more EDURANT treated subjects with CD4+ cell count less than 200 cells/mm3 experienced virologic failure compared to EDURANT treated subjects with CD4+ cell count greater than or equal to 200 cells/mm3 [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. The observed virologic failure rate in EDURANT treated subjects conferred a higher rate of overall treatment resistance and cross-resistance to the NNRTI class compared to efavirenz [see Microbiology (12.4)]. More subjects treated with EDURANT developed tenofovir and lamivudine/emtricitabine associated resistance compared to efavirenz [see Microbiology (12.4)].
PEDIATRIC USE
8.4 Pediatric Use The safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of EDURANT were evaluated in a single arm, open-label, Phase 2 trial that enrolled 36 antiretroviral treatment-naïve, HIV-1 infected pediatric subjects 12 to less than 18 years of age and weighing at least 32 kg [see Adverse Reactions (6.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Please see Dosage and Administration (2) for dosing recommendations for pediatric patients 12 years of age and older. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients less than 12 years of age have not been established.
PREGNANCY
8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Category B No adequate and well-controlled or pharmacokinetic studies of EDURANT use in pregnant women have been conducted. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of relevant embryonic or fetal toxicity or an effect on reproductive function. In offspring from rat and rabbit dams treated with rilpivirine during pregnancy and lactation, there were no toxicologically significant effects on developmental endpoints. The exposures at the embryo-fetal No Observed Adverse Effects Levels (NOAELs) in rats and rabbits were respectively 15 and 70 times higher than the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 25 mg once daily. EDURANT should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry To monitor maternal-fetal outcomes of pregnant women exposed to EDURANT, an Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry has been established. Physicians are encouraged to register patients by calling 1-800-258-4263.
NUSRING MOTHERS
8.3 Nursing Mothers The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that HIV-infected mothers not breastfeed their infants to avoid risking postnatal transmission of HIV. Studies in lactating rats and their offspring indicate that rilpivirine was present in rat milk. It is not known whether rilpivirine is secreted in human milk. Because of both the potential for HIV transmission and the potential for adverse reactions in nursing infants, mothers should be instructed not to breastfeed if they are receiving EDURANT.
WARNING AND CAUTIONS
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Caution should be given to prescribing EDURANT with drugs that may reduce the exposure of rilpivirine. (5.1) Caution should be given to prescribing EDURANT with drugs with a known risk of Torsade de Pointes. (5.1) Skin and Hypersensitivity Reactions: Severe skin and hypersensitivity reactions have been reported during postmarketing experience, including cases of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), with rilpivirine-containing regimens. Immediately discontinue treatment if hypersensitivity or rash with systemic symptoms or elevations in hepatic serum biochemistries develop and closely monitor clinical status, including hepatic serum biochemistries. (5.2) Depressive Disorders: Severe depressive disorders have been reported. Immediate medical evaluation is recommended for severe depressive disorders. (5.3) Hepatotoxicity: Hepatic adverse events have been reported in patients with underlying liver disease, including hepatitis B or C co-infection, or in patients with elevated baseline transaminases. A few cases of hepatotoxicity have occurred in patients with no pre-existing hepatic disease. Monitor liver function tests before and during treatment with EDURANT in patients with underlying hepatic disease, such as hepatitis B or C co-infection, or marked elevations in transaminase. Also consider monitoring liver functions tests in patients without pre-existing hepatic dysfunction or other risk factors. (5.4) Patients may develop redistribution/accumulation of body fat (5.5) or immune reconstitution syndrome. (5.6) 5.1 Drug Interactions Caution should be given to prescribing EDURANT with drugs that may reduce the exposure of rilpivirine [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In healthy subjects, supratherapeutic doses of rilpivirine (75 mg once daily and 300 mg once daily) have been shown to prolong the QTc interval of the electrocardiogram [see Drug Interactions (7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. EDURANT should be used with caution when co-administered with a drug with a known risk of Torsade de Pointes. 5.2 Skin and Hypersensitivity Reactions Severe skin and hypersensitivity reactions have been reported during the postmarketing experience, including cases of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), with rilpivirine-containing regimens. While some skin reactions were accompanied by constitutional symptoms such as fever, other skin reactions were associated with organ dysfunctions, including elevations in hepatic serum biochemistries. During the Phase 3 clinical trials, treatment-related rashes with at least Grade 2 severity were reported in 3% of subjects receiving EDURANT. No grade 4 rash was reported. Overall, most rashes were Grade 1 or 2 and occurred in the first four to six weeks of therapy [see Adverse Reactions (6 and 6.2)]. Discontinue EDURANT immediately if signs or symptoms of severe skin or hypersensitivity reactions develop, including but not limited to, severe rash or rash accompanied by fever, blisters, mucosal involvement, conjunctivitis, facial edema, angioedema, hepatitis or eosinophilia. Clinical status including laboratory parameters should be monitored and appropriate therapy should be initiated. 5.3 Depressive Disorders The adverse reaction depressive disorders (depressed mood, depression, dysphoria, major depression, mood altered, negative thoughts, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation) has been reported with EDURANT. Patients with severe depressive symptoms should seek immediate medical evaluation to assess the possibility that the symptoms are related to EDURANT, and if so, to determine whether the risks of continued therapy outweigh the benefits. During the Phase 3 trials in adults (N = 1368) through 96 weeks, the incidence of depressive disorders (regardless of causality, severity) reported among EDURANT (n = 686) or efavirenz (n = 682) was 9% and 8%, respectively. Most events were mild or moderate in severity. The incidence of Grade 3 and 4 depressive disorders (regardless of causality) was 1% for both EDURANT and efavirenz. The incidence of discontinuation due to depressive disorders among EDURANT or efavirenz was 1% in each arm. Suicidal ideation was reported in 4 subjects in each arm while suicide attempt was reported in 2 subjects in the EDURANT arm. During the Phase 2 trial in pediatric subjects 12 to less than 18 years of age (N = 36) receiving EDURANT through 48 weeks, the incidence of depressive disorders (regardless of causality, severity) was 19.4% (7/36). Most events were mild or moderate in severity. The incidence of Grade 3 and 4 depressive disorders (regardless of causality) was 5.6% (2/36). None of the subjects discontinued due to depressive disorders. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt were reported in 1 subject. 5.4 Hepatotoxicity Hepatic adverse events have been reported in patients receiving a rilpivirine containing regimen. Patients with underlying hepatitis B or C, or marked elevations in transaminases prior to treatment may be at increased risk for worsening or development of transaminase elevations with use of EDURANT. A few cases of hepatic toxicity have been reported in adult patients receiving a rilpivirine containing regimen who had no pre-existing hepatic disease or other identifiable risk factors. Appropriate laboratory testing prior to initiating therapy and monitoring for hepatotoxicity during therapy with EDURANT is recommended in patients with underlying hepatic disease such as hepatitis B or C, or in patients with marked elevations in transaminases prior to treatment initiation. Liver enzyme monitoring should also be considered for patients without pre-existing hepatic dysfunction or other risk factors. 5.5 Fat Redistribution Redistribution/accumulation of body fat, including central obesity, dorsocervical fat enlargement (buffalo hump), peripheral wasting, facial wasting, breast enlargement, and “cushingoid appearance” have been observed in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism and long-term consequences of these events are currently unknown. A causal relationship has not been established. 5.6 Immune Reconstitution Syndrome Immune reconstitution syndrome has been reported in patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy, including EDURANT. During the initial phase of combination antiretroviral treatment, patients whose immune system responds may develop an inflammatory response to indolent or residual opportunistic infections (such as Mycobacterium avium infection, cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia or tuberculosis), which may necessitate further evaluation and treatment. Autoimmune disorders (such as Graves’ disease, polymyositis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome) have also been reported to occur in the setting of immune reconstitution; however, the time to onset is more variable, and can occur many months after initiation of treatment.
INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). A statement to patients and healthcare providers is included on the product’s bottle label: ALERT: Find out about medicines that should NOT be taken with EDURANT from your healthcare provider. A Patient Package Insert for EDURANT is available for patient information. Patients should be informed that EDURANT is not a cure for HIV infection. Patients must stay on continuous HIV therapy to control HIV infection and decrease HIV-related illnesses. Patients should be advised to continue to practice safer sex and to use latex or polyurethane condoms to lower the chance of sexual contact with any body fluids such as semen, vaginal secretions or blood. Patients should also be advised to never re-use or share needles. Patients should be told that sustained decreases in plasma HIV RNA have been associated with a reduced risk of progression to AIDS and death. Patients should remain under the care of a physician while using EDURANT. Female patients should be advised not to breastfeed because it is unknown if EDURANT can be passed to the baby in the breast milk and whether it could harm the baby. Also, mothers with HIV-1 should not breastfeed because HIV-1 can be passed to the baby in the breast milk. Patients should be advised to take EDURANT with a meal once a day as prescribed. A protein drink alone does not replace a meal. EDURANT must always be used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. Patients should not alter the dose of EDURANT or discontinue therapy with EDURANT without consulting their physician. If the patient misses a dose of EDURANT within 12 hours of the time it is usually taken, the patient should take EDURANT with a meal as soon as possible and then take the next dose of EDURANT at the regularly scheduled time. If a patient misses a dose of EDURANT by more than 12 hours, the patient should not take the missed dose, but resume the usual dosing schedule. Inform the patient that he or she should not take more or less than the prescribed dose of EDURANT at any one time. EDURANT may interact with many drugs; therefore, patients should be advised to report to their healthcare provider the use of any other prescription or nonprescription medication or herbal products, including St. John’s wort. EDURANT should not be co-administered with the following drugs, as significant decreases in rilpivirine plasma concentrations may occur due to CYP3A enzyme induction or gastric pH increase, which may result in loss of virologic response and possible resistance to EDURANT or to the class of NNRTIs: the anticonvulsants carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin; the antimycobacterials rifampin, rifapentine; proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole; the glucocorticoid systemic dexamethasone (more than a single dose); or St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum). For patients concomitantly receiving rifabutin, the EDURANT dose should be increased to 50 mg once daily, taken with a meal. When rifabutin co-administration is stopped, the EDURANT dose should be decreased to 25 mg once daily, taken with a meal. Patients should be informed that skin reactions ranging from mild to severe, including Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) have been reported with rilpivirine-containing regimens. Instruct patients to immediately stop taking EDURANT tablets and seek medical attention if they develop a rash associated with any of the following symptoms: fever, blisters, mucosal involvement, eye inflammation (conjunctivitis), severe allergic reaction causing a swelling of the face, eyes, lips, mouth, tongue or throat, which may lead to difficulty swallowing or breathing, and any signs and symptoms of liver problems as it may be a sign of a more serious reaction. Patients should understand that if severe rash occurs, they will be closely monitored, laboratory tests will be performed and appropriate therapy will be initiated. Patients should be informed that depressive disorders (depressed mood, depression, dysphoria, major depression, mood altered, negative thoughts, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation) have been reported with EDURANT. If they experience depressive symptoms, they should seek immediate medical evaluation. Patients should be informed that hepatotoxicity has been reported with EDURANT. Patients should also be informed that redistribution or accumulation of body fat may occur in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, including EDURANT, and that the cause and long-term health effects of these conditions are not known at this time.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2 The recommended dosage of EDURANT in patients 12 years of age and older and weighing at least 35 kg is one 25 mg tablet once daily taken orally with a meal [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. EDURANT is not recommended for patients less than 12 years of age. Rifabutin Co-administration: For patients concomitantly receiving rifabutin, the EDURANT dose should be increased to 50 mg (two tablets of 25 mg each) once daily, taken with a meal. When rifabutin co-administration is stopped, the EDURANT dose should be decreased to 25 mg once daily, taken with a meal [see Drug Interactions (7), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 25 mg (one 25 mg tablet) taken once daily with a meal. (2) EDURANT is not recommended for patients less than 12 years of age. (8.4) With rifabutin co-administration, the EDURANT dose should be increased to 50 mg (two tablets of 25 mg each) taken once daily with a meal. When rifabutin co-administration is stopped, the EDURANT dose should be decreased to 25 mg taken once daily with a meal. (2, 7, 12.3)