Augmentin (amoxicillin 125 MG / clavulanate 31.25 MG) per 5 ML Oral Suspension

DRUG INTERACTIONS

7 Co‑administration with probenecid is not recommended.

(7.1) Concomitant use of AUGMENTIN and oral anticoagulants may increase the prolongation of prothrombin time.

(7.2 ) Coadministration with allopurinol increases the risk of rash.

(7.3) AUGMENTIN may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives.

(7.4) 7.1 Probenecid Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin but does not delay renal excretion of clavulanic acid.

Concurrent use with AUGMENTIN may result in increased and prolonged blood concentrations of amoxicillin.

Coadministration of probenecid is not recommended.

7.2 Oral Anticoagulants Abnormal prolongation of prothrombin time (increased international normalized ratio [INR]) has been reported in patients receiving amoxicillin and oral anticoagulants.

Appropriate monitoring should be undertaken when anticoagulants are prescribed concurrently with AUGMENTIN.

Adjustments in the dose of oral anticoagulants may be necessary to maintain the desired level of anticoagulation.

7.3 Allopurinol The concurrent administration of allopurinol and amoxicillin increases the incidence of rashes in patients receiving both drugs as compared to patients receiving amoxicillin alone.

It is not known whether this potentiation of amoxicillin rashes is due to allopurinol or the hyperuricemia present in these patients.

7.4 Oral Contraceptives AUGMENTIN may affect intestinal flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives.

7.5 Effects on Laboratory Tests High urine concentrations of amoxicillin may result in false-positive reactions when testing for the presence of glucose in urine using CLINITEST ® , Benedict’s Solution, or Fehling’s Solution.

Since this effect may also occur with AUGMENTIN, it is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions be used.

Following administration of amoxicillin to pregnant women, a transient decrease in plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol, estriol-glucuronide, conjugated estrone, and estradiol has been noted.

OVERDOSAGE

10 In case of overdosage, discontinue medication, treat symptomatically, and institute supportive measures as required.

A prospective study of 51 pediatric patients at a poison-control center suggested that overdosages of less than 250 mg/kg of amoxicillin are not associated with significant clinical symptoms 1 .

Interstitial nephritis resulting in oliguric renal failure has been reported in patients after overdosage with amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium.

Crystalluria, in some cases leading to renal failure, has also been reported after amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium overdosage in adult and pediatric patients.

In case of overdosage, adequate fluid intake and diuresis should be maintained to reduce the risk of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium crystalluria.

Renal impairment appears to be reversible with cessation of drug administration.

High blood levels may occur more readily in patients with impaired renal function because of decreased renal clearance of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium.

Amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium may be removed from circulation by hemodialysis .

[see Dosage and Administration (2.3 )]

DESCRIPTION

11 AUGMENTIN is an oral antibacterial combination consisting of amoxicillin and the beta‑lactamase inhibitor, clavulanate potassium (the potassium salt of clavulanic acid).

Amoxicillin is an analog of ampicillin, derived from the basic penicillin nucleus, 6‑aminopenicillanic acid.

The amoxicillin molecular formula is C 16 H 19 N 3 O 5 S•3H 2 O, and the molecular weight is 419.46.

Chemically, amoxicillin is (2S,5R,6R)-6-[(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate and may be represented structurally as: Clavulanic acid is produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces clavuligerus .

It is a beta-lactam structurally related to the penicillins and possesses the ability to inactivate some beta‑lactamases by blocking the active sites of these enzymes.

The clavulanate potassium molecular formula is C 8 H 8 KNO 5 , and the molecular weight is 237.25.

Chemically, clavulanate potassium is potassium (Z)(2R,5R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane-2-carboxylate and may be represented structurally as: Inactive Ingredients: Tablets- Colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium starch glycolate, and titanium dioxide.

Each tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 0.63 mEq potassium.

Powder for Oral Suspension, 125 mg/5mL and 250 mg/5mL – Colloidal silicon dioxide, flavorings, xanthan gum, mannitol, succinic acid, silica gel and sodium saccharin.

Powder for Suspension, 200 mg/5mL and 400 mg/5mL – Colloidal silicon dioxide, flavorings, xanthan gum, silica gel, hypromellose and aspartame [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Chewable Tablets, 125 mg and 250 mg – Colloidal silicon dioxide, flavorings, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sodium saccharin, glycine, and D&C Yellow No.10.

Each 125-mg chewable tablet and each 5 mL of reconstituted 125/5 mL oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.16 mEq potassium Each 250-mg chewable tablet and each 5 mL of reconstituted 250/5 mL oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.32 mEq potassium Chewable Tablets, 200 mg and 400 mg – Colloidal silicon dioxide, flavorings, magnesium stearate, mannitol, FD&C Red No.

40 and aspartame.

[see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Each 200-mg chewable tablet and each 5 mL of reconstituted 200/5 mL oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.14 mEq potassium Each 400-mg chewable tablet and each 5 mL of reconstituted 400/5 mL oral suspension of AUGMENTIN contains 0.29 mEq potassium

CLINICAL STUDIES

14 14.1 Lower Respiratory Tract and Complicated Urinary Tract Infections Data from 2 pivotal trials in 1,191 patients treated for either lower respiratory tract infections or complicated urinary tract infections compared a regimen of 875‑mg tablets of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours to 500‑mg tablets of AUGMENTIN dosed every 8 hours (584 and 607 patients, respectively).

Comparable efficacy was demonstrated between the every 12 hours and every 8 hours dosing regimens.

There was no significant difference in the percentage of adverse events in each group.

The most frequently reported adverse event was diarrhea; incidence rates were similar for the 875‑mg every 12 hours and 500‑mg every 8 hours dosing regimens (15% and 14%, respectively); however, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in rates of severe diarrhea or withdrawals with diarrhea between the regimens: 1% for 875‑mg every 12 hours regimen versus 2% for the 500‑mg every 8 hours regimen.

In one of these pivotal trials, patients with either pyelonephritis (n = 361) or a complicated urinary tract infection (i.e., patients with abnormalities of the urinary tract that predispose to relapse of bacteriuria following eradication, n = 268) were randomized (1:1) to receive either 875‑mg tablets of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours (n=308) or 500‑mg tablets of AUGMENTIN every 8 hours (n=321).

The number of bacteriologically evaluable patients was comparable between the two dosing regimens.

AUGMENTIN produced comparable bacteriological success rates in patients assessed 2 to 4 days immediately following end of therapy.

The bacteriologic efficacy rates were comparable at one of the follow‑up visits (5 to 9 days post‑therapy) and at a late post‑therapy visit (in the majority of cases, this was 2 to 4 weeks post-therapy), as seen in Table 7.

Table 7: Bacteriologic efficacy rates for AUGMENTIN Time Post Therapy 875 mg every 12 hours % (n) 500 mg every 8 hours % (n) 2 to 4 days 81% (58) 80% (54) 5 to 9 days 58% (41) 52% (52) 2 to 4 weeks 52% (101) 55% (104) As noted before, though there was no significant difference in the percentage of adverse events in each group, there was a statistically significant difference in rates of severe diarrhea or withdrawals with diarrhea between the regimens.

14.2 Acute Bacterial Otitis Media and Diarrhea in Pediatric Patients One US/Canadian clinical trial was conducted which compared 45/6.4 mg/kg/day (divided every 12 hours) of AUGMENTIN for 10 days versus 40/10 mg/kg/day (divided every 8 hours) of AUGMENTIN for 10 days in the treatment of acute otitis media.

Only the suspension formulations were used in this trial.

A total of 575 pediatric patients (aged 2 months to 12 years) were enrolled, with an even distribution among the 2 treatment groups and a comparable number of patients were evaluable (i.e., ³ 84%) per treatment group.

Otitis media‑specific criteria were required for eligibility and a strong correlation was found at the end of therapy and follow‑up between these criteria and physician assessment of clinical response.

The clinical efficacy rates at the end of therapy visit (defined as 2‑4 days after the completion of therapy) and at the follow‑up visit (defined as 22‑28 days post‑completion of therapy) were comparable for the 2 treatment groups, with the following cure rates obtained for the evaluable patients: At end of therapy, 87% (n = 265) and 82% (n = 260) for 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours and 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours, respectively.

At follow‑up, 67% (n = 249) and 69% (n = 243) for 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours and 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours, respectively.

Diarrhea was defined as either: (a) 3 or more watery or 4 or more loose/watery stools in 1 day; OR (b) 2 watery stools per day or 3 loose/watery stools per day for 2 consecutive days.

The incidence of diarrhea was significantly lower in patients who received the every 12 hours regimen compared to patients who received the every 8 hours regimen (14% and 34%, respectively).

In addition, the number of patients with either severe diarrhea or who were withdrawn with diarrhea was significantly lower in the every 12 hours treatment group (3% and 8% for the every 12 hours/10 day and every 8 hours/10 day, respectively).

In the every 12 hours treatment group, 3 patients (1%) were withdrawn with an allergic reaction, while 1 patient in the every 8 hours group was withdrawn for this reason.

The number of patients with a candidal infection of the diaper area was 4% and 6% for the every 12 hours and every 8 hours groups, respectively.

It is not known if the finding of a statistically significant reduction in diarrhea with the oral suspensions dosed every 12 hours, versus suspensions dosed every 8 hours, can be extrapolated to the chewable tablets.

The presence of mannitol in the chewable tablets may contribute to a different diarrhea profile.

The every 12 hour oral suspensions (200 mg/5 mL and 400 mg/5 mL) are sweetened with aspartame.

HOW SUPPLIED

16 /STORAGE AND HANDLING Tablets: 250‑mg/125-mg Tablets : Each white oval film-coated tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN on one side and 250/125 on the other side, contains 250 mg amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 125 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-018-30 bottles of 30 NDC 43598-018-78 Unit Dose (10×10) 100 tablets 500‑mg/125-mg Tablets : Each white oval film-coated tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN on one side and 500/125 on the other side, contains 500 mg amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 125 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-006-14 bottles of 20 NDC 43598-006-78 Unit Dose (10×10) 100 tablets 875‑mg/125-mg Tablets : Each scored white capsule‑shaped tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 875 on one side and scored on the other side, contains 875 mg amoxicillin as the trihydrate and 125 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-021-14 bottles of 20 NDC 43598-021-78 Unit Dose (10×10) 100 tablets Powder for Oral Suspension : 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL : Banana-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 125 mg amoxicillin and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

NDC 43598-012-51 75 mL bottle NDC 43598-012-52 100 mL bottle NDC 43598-012-53 150 mL bottle 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL : Orange-favored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 200 mg amoxicillin and 28.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

NDC 43598-013-50 50 mL bottle NDC 43598-013-51 75 mL bottle NDC 43598-013-52 100 mL bottle 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL : Orange-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 250 mg amoxicillin and 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

NDC 43598-004-51 75 mL bottle NDC 43598-004-52 100 mL bottle NDC 43598-004-53 150 mL bottle 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL Orange-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 400 mg amoxicillin and 57.0 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

NDC 43598-008-50 50 mL bottle NDC 43598-008-51 75 mL bottle NDC 43598-008-52 100 mL bottle Chewable Tablets : 125-mg/31.25-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled yellow, round, lemon-lime-flavored tablet, debossed with BMP 189, contains 125 mg amoxicillin and 31.25 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-014-31 carton of 30 (5×6) tablets 200-mg/28.5 mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled pink, round, biconvex, cherry-banana-flavored tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 200, contains 200 mg amoxicillin and 28.5 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-015-14 carton of 20 tablets 250-mg/62.5-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled yellow, round, lemon-lime-flavored tablet, debossed with BMP 190, contains 250 mg amoxicillin and 62.5 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-016-31 carton of 30 (5×6) tablets 400-mg/57-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled pink, round, biconvex, cherry-banana-flavored tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 400, contains 400 mg amoxicillin and 57.0 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

NDC 43598-017-14 carton of 20 tablets Dispense in original container.

Store tablets and dry powder at or below 25°C (77°F).

Store reconstituted suspension under refrigeration.

Discard unused suspension after 10 days.

Keep out of the reach of children.

GERIATRIC USE

8.5 Geriatric Use Of the 3,119 patients in an analysis of clinical studies of AUGMENTIN, 32% were ≥65 years old, and 14% were ≥75 years old.

No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function.

Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.

DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

3 Tablets : 250 ‑ mg/125-mg Tablets : Each white oval film-coated tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN on one side and 250/125 on the other side, contains 250 mg of amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

500 ‑ mg/125-mg Tablets : Each white oval film-coated tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN on one side and 500/125 on the other side, contains 500 mg amoxicillin and 125 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

875 ‑ mg/125-mg Tablets : Each scored white capsule‑shaped tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 875 on one side and scored on the other side, contains 875 mg amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

Powder for Oral Suspension: 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL : Banana-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 125 mg amoxicillin and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL : Orange-favored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 200 mg amoxicillin and 28.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL : Orange-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 250 mg amoxicillin and 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL Orange-flavored powder for oral suspension (each 5 mL of reconstituted suspension contains 400 mg amoxicillin and 57.0 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt).

Chewable Tablets: 125-mg/31.25-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled yellow, round, lemon-lime-flavored tablet, debossed with BMP 189 contains 125 mg amoxicillin and 31.25 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

200-mg/28.5 mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled pink, round, biconvex cherry-banana-flavored tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 200 contains 200 mg amoxicillin and 28.5 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

250-mg/62.5-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled yellow, round, lemon-lime-flavored tablet, debossed with BMP 190 contains 250 mg amoxicillin and 62.5 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

400-mg/57-mg Chewable Tablets : Each mottled pink, round, biconvex cherry-banana-flavored tablet, debossed with AUGMENTIN 400 contains 400 mg amoxicillin and 57.0 mg clavulanic acid as the potassium salt.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250-mg chewable tablet should NOT be substituted for each other, as they are not interchangeable and the 250-mg tablet should not be used in children weighing less than 40 kg.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250-mg chewable tablet do not contain the same amount of clavulanic acid.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 125 mg of clavulanic acid whereas the 250-mg chewable tablet contains 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid.

Two 250 mg tablets of AUGMENTIN should NOT be substituted for one 500 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN.

Since both the 250 mg and 500 mg tablets of AUGMENTIN contain the same amount of clavulanic acid (125 mg, as the potassium salt), two 250 mg tablets of AUGMENTIN are not equivalent to one 500 mg tablet of AUGMENTIN.

Formulations and amoxicillin/clavulanate content are: Tablets: 250 mg/125 mg, 500 mg/125 mg, 875 mg/125 mg; 875 mg/125 mg tablets are scored.

(3) Powder for Oral Suspension: 125 mg/31.25 mg per 5 mL, 200 mg/28.5 mg per 5 mL, 250 mg/62.5 mg per 5 mL, 400 mg/57 mg per 5 mL (3) Chewable Tablets: 125 mg/31.25 mg, 200 mg/28.5 mg, 250 mg/62.5 mg, 400 mg/57 mg (3)

MECHANISM OF ACTION

12.1 Mechanism of Action AUGMENTIN is an antibacterial drug.

[see Microbiology 12.4 ]

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

1 To reduce the development of drug‑resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of AUGMENTIN (amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium) and other antibacterial drugs, AUGMENTIN should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria.

When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy.

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

AUGMENTIN ® is a combination penicillin-class antibacterial and beta-lactamase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of infections due to susceptible isolates of the designated bacteria in the conditions listed below*: AUGMENTIN is a combination penicillin-class antibacterial and beta‑lactamase inhibitor indicated for treatment of the following: Lower respiratory tract infections (1.1) Acute bacterial otitis media (1.2) Sinusitis (1.3) Skin and skin structure infections (1.4) Urinary tract infections (1.5) 1.1 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis .

1.2 Acute Bacterial Otitis Media caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of H.

influenzae and M.

catarrhalis .

1.3 Sinusitis caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of H.

influenzae and M.

catarrhalis .

1.4 Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella species.

1.5 Urinary Tract Infections caused by beta‑lactamase–producing isolates of E.

coli, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species .

1.6 Limitations of Use When susceptibility test results show susceptibility to amoxicillin, indicating no beta-lactamase production, AUGMENTIN should not be used.

PEDIATRIC USE

8.4 Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of AUGMENTIN Powder for Oral Suspension and Chewable Tablets have been established in pediatric patients.

Use of AUGMENTIN in pediatric patients is supported by evidence from studies of AUGMENTIN Tablets in adults with additional data from a study of AUGMENTIN Powder for Oral Suspension in pediatric patients aged 2 months to 12 years with acute otitis media.

[see Clinical Studies (14.2 )] Because of incompletely developed renal function in neonates and young infants, the elimination of amoxicillin may be delayed; clavulanate elimination is unaltered in this age group.

Dosing of AUGMENTIN should be modified in pediatric patients aged <12 weeks (<3 months).

[see Dosage and Administration (2.2 ) ]

PREGNANCY

8.1 Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects :Pregnancy Category B.

Reproduction studies performed in pregnant rats and mice given AUGMENTIN (2:1 ratio formulation of amoxicillin:clavulanate) at oral doses up to 1200 mg/kg/day revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to AUGMENTIN.

The amoxicillin doses in rats and mice (based on body surface area) were approximately 4 and 2 times the maximum recommended adult human oral dose (875 mg every 12 hours).

For clavulanate, these dose multiples were approximately 9 and 4 times the maximum recommended adult human oral dose (125 mg every 8 hours).

There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

NUSRING MOTHERS

8.3 Nursing Mothers Amoxicillin has been shown to be excreted in human milk.

Amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium use by nursing mothers may lead to sensitization of infants.

Caution should be exercised when amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium is administered to a nursing woman.

WARNING AND CAUTIONS

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious (including fatal) hypersensitivity reactions: Discontinue AUGMENTIN if a reaction occurs.

(5.1) Hepatic dysfunction and cholestatic jaundice: Discontinue if signs/symptoms of hepatitis occur.

Monitor liver function tests in patients with hepatic impairment.

(5.2) Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea (CDAD): Evaluate patients if diarrhea occurs.

(5.3) Patients with mononucleosis who receive AUGMENTIN develop skin rash.

Avoid AUGMENTIN use in these patients.

(5.4) Overgrowth: The possibility of superinfections with fungal or bacterial pathogens should be considered during therapy.

(5.5) 5.1 Hypersensitivity Reactions Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have been reported in patients receiving beta-lactam antibacterials, including AUGMENTIN.

These reactions are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity and/or a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens.

Before initiating therapy with AUGMENTIN, careful inquiry should be made regarding previous hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, or other allergens.

If an allergic reaction occurs, AUGMENTIN should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.

5.2 Hepatic Dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction, including hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice has been associated with the use of AUGMENTIN.

Hepatic toxicity is usually reversible; however, deaths have been reported.

Hepatic function should be monitored at regular intervals in patients with hepatic impairment.

5.3 Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including AUGMENTIN, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile .

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin-producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibacterial use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over 2 months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibacterial use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibacterial treatment of C.

difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

5.4 Skin Rash in Patients with Mononucleosis A high percentage of patients with mononucleosis who receive amoxicillin develop an erythematous skin rash.

Thus, AUGMENTIN should not be administered to patients with mononucleosis.

5.5 Potential for Microbial Overgrowth The possibility of superinfections with fungal or bacterial pathogens should be considered during therapy.

If superinfection occurs, amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.

5.6 Phenylketonurics AUGMENTIN Chewable tablets and AUGMENTIN Powder for Oral Solution contain aspartame which contains phenylalanine.

Each 200-mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 2.1 mg phenylalanine; each 400-mg chewable tablet contains 4.2 mg phenylalanine; each 5 mL of either the 200 mg/5 mL or 400 mg/5 mL oral suspension contains 7 mg phenylalanine.

The other formulations of AUGMENTIN do not contain phenylalanine.

5.7 Development of Drug-Resistant Bacteria Prescribing AUGMENTIN in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient, and increases the risk of the development of drug‑resistant bacteria.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION 17.1 Information for Patients Patients should be informed that AUGMENTIN may be taken every 8 hours or every 12 hours, depending on the dose prescribed.

Each dose should be taken with a meal or snack to reduce the possibility of gastrointestinal upset.

Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs, including AUGMENTIN, should only be used to treat bacterial infections.

They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold).

When AUGMENTIN is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed.

Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may: (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment, and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by AUGMENTIN or other antibacterial drugs in the future.

Counsel patients that diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibacterials, and it usually ends when the antibacterial is discontinued.

Sometimes after starting treatment with antibacterials, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as 2 or more months after having taken their last dose of the antibacterial.

If diarrhea is severe or lasts more than 2 or 3 days, patients should contact their physician.

Patients should be advised to keep suspension refrigerated.

Shake well before using.

When dosing a child with the suspension (liquid) of AUGMENTIN, use a dosing spoon or medicine dropper.

Be sure to rinse the spoon or dropper after each use.

Bottles of suspension of AUGMENTIN may contain more liquid than required.

Follow your doctor’s instructions about the amount to use and the days of treatment your child requires.

Discard any unused medicine.

Patients should be aware that AUGMENTIN contains a penicillin class drug product that can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

AUGMENTIN is a registered trademark of GlaxoSmithKline and is licensed to Dr.

Reddy’s Laboratories Inc.

CLINITEST is a registered trademark of Miles, Inc.

Manufactured.

By: Dr.

Reddy’s Laboratories Tennessee LLC, Bristol, TN 37620 Issued: 02/2014

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2 AUGMENTIN may be taken without regard to meals; however, absorption of clavulanate potassium is enhanced when AUGMENTIN is administered at the start of a meal.

To minimize the potential for gastrointestinal intolerance, AUGMENTIN should be taken at the start of a meal.

Adults and Pediatric Patients > 40 kg: 500 or 875 mg every 12 hours or 250 or 500 mg every 8 hours.

( 2.1 , 2.2 ) Pediatric patients aged 12 weeks (3 months) and older: 25 to 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours or 20 to 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours, up to the adult dose.

(2.2) Neonates and infants < 12 weeks of age: 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours, based on the amoxicillin component.

Use of the 125 mg/5 mL oral suspension is recommended.

(2.2) 2.1 Adults The usual adult dose is one 500-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours or one 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN every 8 hours.

For more severe infections and infections of the respiratory tract, the dose should be one 875-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN every 12 hours or one 500-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN every 8 hours.

Adults who have difficulty swallowing may be given the 125 mg/5 mL or 250 mg/5 mL suspension in place of the 500-mg tablet.

The 200 mg/5 mL suspension or the 400 mg/5 mL suspension may be used in place of the 875-mg tablet.

Two 250-mg tablets of AUGMENTIN should not be substituted for one 500-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN.

Since both the 250-mg and 500-mg tablets of AUGMENTIN contain the same amount of clavulanic acid (125 mg, as the potassium salt), two 250-mg tablets are not equivalent to one 500-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250-mg chewable tablet should not be substituted for each other, as they are not interchangeable.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN and the 250-mg chewable tablet do not contain the same amount of clavulanic acid (as the potassium salt).

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN contains 125 mg of clavulanic acid, whereas the 250-mg chewable tablet contains 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid.

2.2 Pediatric Patients Based on the amoxicillin component, AUGMENTIN should be dosed as follows: Neonates and Infants Aged <12 weeks (<3 months) : The recommended dose of AUGMENTIN is 30 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours, based on the amoxicillin component.

Experience with the 200 mg/5 mL formulation in this age group is limited, and thus, use of the 125 mg/5 mL oral suspension is recommended.

Patients Aged 12 weeks (3 months) and Older : See dosing regimens provided in Table 1.

The every 12 hour regimen is recommended as it is associated with significantly less diarrhea [see Clinical Studies (14.2)] .

However, the every 12 hour suspension (200 mg/5 mL and 400 mg/5 mL) and chewable tablets (200 mg and 400 mg) contain aspartame and should not be used by phenylketonurics.

[see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Table 1: Dosing in Patients Aged 12 weeks (3 months) and Older INFECTION DOSING REGIMEN Every 12 hours Every 8 hours 200 mg/5 mL or 400 mg/5 mL oral suspension a 125 mg/5 mL or 250 mg/5 mL oral suspension a Otitis media b , sinusitis, lower respiratory tract infections, and more severe infections 45 mg/kg/day every 12 hours 40 mg/kg/day every 8 hours Less severe infections 25 mg/kg/day every 12 hours 20 mg/kg/day every 8 hours a Each strength of suspension of AUGMENTIN is available as a chewable tablet for use by older children.

b Duration of therapy studied and recommended for acute otitis media is 10 days.

Patients Weighing 40 kg or More : Pediatric patients weighing 40 kg or more should be dosed according to adult recommendations.

The 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN should not be used until the child weighs at least 40 kg,due to the different amoxicillin to clavulanic acid ratios in the 250-mg tablet of AUGMENTIN (250/125) versus the 250-mg chewable tablet of AUGMENTIN (250/62.5).

2.3 Patients with Renal Impairment Patients with impaired renal function do not generally require a reduction in dose unless the impairment is severe.

Renal impairment patients with a glomerular filtration rate of <30 mL/min should not receive the 875‑mg dose.

Patients with a glomerular filtration rate of 10 to 30 mL/min should receive 500 mg or 250 mg every 12 hours, depending on the severity of the infection.

Patients with a glomerular filtration rate less than 10 mL/min should receive 500 mg or 250 mg every 24 hours, depending on severity of the infection.

Hemodialysis patients should receive 500 mg or 250 mg every 24 hours,depending on severity of the infection.

They should receive an additional dose both during and at the end of dialysis.

2.4 Directions for Mixing Oral Suspension Prepare a suspension at time of dispensing as follows: Tap bottle until all the powder flows freely.

Add approximately 2/3 of the total amount of water for reconstitution (see Table 2 below) and shake vigorously to suspend powder.

Add remainder of the water and again shake vigorously.

Table 2: Amount of Water for Mixing Oral Suspension Strength Bottle Size Amount of Water for Reconstitution Contents of Each Teaspoonful (5 mL) 125 mg/5 mL 75 mL100 mL150 mL 67 mL90 mL134 mL 125 mg amoxicillin and 31.25 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt 200 mg/5 mL 50 mL75 mL100 mL 50 mL75 mL95 mL 200 mg amoxicillin and 28.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt 250 mg/5 mL 75 mL100 mL150 mL 65 mL87 mL130 mL 250 mg amoxicillin and 62.5 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt 400 mg/5 mL 50 mL75 mL100 mL 50 mL70 mL90 mL 400 mg amoxicillin and 57.0 mg of clavulanic acid as the potassium salt Note: Shake oral suspension well before using.

Reconstituted suspension must be stored under refrigeration and discarded after 10 days.

Griseofulvin 125 MG Oral Tablet [Gris-PEG]

WARNINGS

Prophylactic Usage Safety and efficacy of griseofulvin for prophylaxis of fungal infections have not been established.

Serious Skin Reactions Severe skin reactions (e.g.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis) and erythema multiforme have been reported with griseofulvin use.

These reactions may be serious and may result in hospitalization or death.

If severe skin reactions occur, griseofulvin should be discontinued (see ADVERSE REACTIONS section).

Hepatotoxicity Elevations in AST, ALT, bilirubin, and jaundice have been reported with griseofulvin use.

These reactions may be serious and may result in hospitalization or death.

Patients should be monitored for hepatic adverse events and discontinuation of griseofulvin considered if warranted (see ADVERSE REACTIONS section).

Animal Toxicology Chronic feeding of griseofulvin, at levels ranging from 0.5%-2.5% of the diet resulted in the development of liver tumors in several strains of mice, particularly in males.

Smaller particle sizes result in an enhanced effect.

Lower oral dosage levels have not been tested.

Subcutaneous administration of relatively small doses of griseofulvin once a week during the first three weeks of life has also been reported to induce hepatomata in mice.

Thyroid tumors, mostly adenomas but some carcinomas, have been reported in male rats receiving griseofulvin at levels of 2.0%, 1.0% and 0.2% of the diet, and in female rats receiving the two higher dose levels.

Although studies in other animal species have not yielded evidence of tumorigenicity, these studies were not of adequate design to form a basis for conclusion in this regard.

In subacute toxicity studies, orally administered griseofulvin produced hepatocellular necrosis in mice, but this has not been seen in other species.

Disturbances in porphyrin metabolism have been reported in griseofulvin-treated laboratory animals.

Griseofulvin has been reported to have a colchicine-like effect on mitosis and cocarcinogenicity with methylcholanthrene in cutaneous tumor induction in laboratory animals.

Usage in Pregnancy – see CONTRAINDICATIONS section.

Animal Reproduction Studies It has been reported in the literature that griseofulvin was found to be embryotoxic and teratogenic on oral administration to pregnant rats.

Pups with abnormalities have been reported in the litters of a few bitches treated with griseofulvin.

Suppression of spermatogenesis has been reported to occur in rats, but investigation in man failed to confirm this.

DESCRIPTION

Gris-PEG ® Tablets contain ultramicrosize crystals of griseofulvin, an antibiotic derived from a species of Penicillium .

The chemical name of griseofulvin, USP is 7-Chloro-2’, 4,6-trimethoxy-6’ β-methylspiro[benzofuran-2(3H),1’-[2]cyclohexene]-3,4’-dione.

Its structural formula is: C 17 H 17 ClO 6 M.W.

352.77 Griseofulvin, USP occurs as a white to creamy white, odorless powder which is very slightly soluble in water, soluble in acetone, dimethylformamide, and chloroform and sparingly soluble in alcohol.

Each Gris-PEG tablet contains: Active Ingredient: griseofulvin ultramicrosize ….

125 mg Inactive Ingredients: Polyethylene Glycol 8000, Lactose Monohydrate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Crospovidone, Magnesium Stearate, Methylparaben, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Titanium Dioxide, Polyethylene Glycol 3350, and Talc.

OR Active Ingredient: griseofulvin ultramicrosize … 250 mg Inactive Ingredients: Polyethylene Glycol 8000, Magnesium Stearate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Methylparaben, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Titanium Dioxide, Polyethylene Glycol 3350, and Talc.

Description: formula

HOW SUPPLIED

Gris-PEG ® (griseofulvin ultramicrosize) Tablets, 125 mg, white scored, elliptical-shaped, embossed “Gris-PEG” on one side and “125” on the other.

The 125 mg strength is film-coated and is available in bottles of 100 (NDC 0884-0763-04).

Gris-PEG (griseofulvin ultramicrosize) Tablets, 250 mg, white scored, capsule-shaped, embossed “Gris-PEG” on one side and “250” on the other.

The 250 mg strength is film-coated and is available in bottles of 100 (NDC 0884-0773-04).

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Gris-PEG (griseofulvin ultramicrosize) is indicated for the treatment of the following ringworm infections; tinea corporis (ringworm of the body), tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), tinea cruris (ringworm of the groin and thigh), tinea barbae (barber’s itch), tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp), and tinea unguium (onychomycosis, ringworm of the nails), when caused by one or more of the following genera of fungi: Trichophyton rubrum , Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton interdigitalis,Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton megnini, Trichophyton gallinae, Trichophyton crateriform, Trichophyton sulphureum, Trichophyton schoenleini, Microsporum audouini, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum.

NOTE: Prior to therapy, the type of fungi responsible for the infection should be identified.

The use of the drug is not justified in minor or trivial infections which will respond to topical agents alone.

Griseofulvin is not effective in the following: bacterial infections, candidiasis (moniliasis), histoplasmosis, actinomycosis, sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, North American blastomycosis, cryptococcosis (torulosis), tinea versicolor and nocardiosis.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Accurate diagnosis of infecting organism is essential.

Identification should be made either by direct microscopic examination of a mounting of infected tissue in a solution of potassium hydroxide or by culture on an appropriate medium.

Medication must be continued until the infecting organism is completely eradicated as indicated by appropriate clinical or laboratory examination.

Representative treatment periods are tinea capitis, 4 to 6 weeks; tinea corporis, 2 to 4 weeks; tinea pedis, 4 to 8 weeks; tinea unguium-depending on rate of growth-fingernails, at least 4 months; toenails, at least 6 months.

General measures in regard to hygiene should be observed to control sources of infection or reinfection.

Concomitant use of appropriate topical agents is usually required, particularly in treatment of tinea pedis.

In some forms of athlete’s foot, yeasts and bacteria may be involved as well as fungi.

Griseofulvin will not eradicate the bacterial or monilial infection.

Gris-PEG ® tablets may be swallowed whole or crushed and sprinkled onto 1 tablespoonful of applesauce and swallowed immediately without chewing.

Adults: Daily administration of 375 mg (as a single dose or in divided doses) will give a satisfactory response in most patients with tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea capitis.

For those fungal infections more difficult to eradicate, such as tinea pedis and tinea unguium, a divided dose of 750 mg is recommended.

Pediatric Use: Approximately 7.3 mg per kg of body weight per day of ultramicrosize griseofulvin is an effective dose for most pediatric patients.

On this basis, the following dosage schedule is suggested: 16-27 kg: 125 mg to 187.5 mg daily over 27 kg: 187.5 mg to 375 mg daily Children and infants 2 years of age and younger – dosage has not been established.

Clinical experience with griseofulvin in children with tinea capitis indicates that a single daily dose is effective.

Clinical relapse will occur if the medication is not continued until the infecting organism is eradicated.

clindamycin 300 MG in 2 ML Injection

WARNINGS

See WARNING box.

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile .

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

A careful inquiry should be made concerning previous sensitivities to drugs and other allergens.

This product contains benzyl alcohol as a preservative.

Benzyl alcohol has been associated with a fatal “Gasping Syndrome” in premature infants.

(See PRECAUTIONS − Pediatric Use ).

Usage in Meningitis: Since clindamycin does not diffuse adequately into the cerebrospinal fluid, the drug should not be used in the treatment of meningitis.

SERIOUS ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS REQUIRE IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH EPINEPHRINE.

OXYGEN AND INTRAVENOUS CORTICOSTEROIDS SHOULD ALSO BE ADMINISTERED AS INDICATED.

OVERDOSAGE

Significant mortality was observed in mice at an intravenous dose of 855 mg/kg and in rats at an oral or subcutaneous dose of approximately 2618 mg/kg.

In the mice, convulsions and depression were observed.

Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing clindamycin from the serum.

DESCRIPTION

Clindamycin Injection, USP, a water soluble ester of clindamycin and phosphoric acid, is a sterile solution for intramuscular or intravenous use.

May contain sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment.

pH is 6.5 range 5.5 to 7.0.

Clindamycin is a semisynthetic antibiotic produced by a 7(S)-chloro-substitution of the 7 (R)-hydroxyl group of the parent compound lincomycin.

The chemical name of clindamycin phosphate is methyl 7-chloro-6,7,8-trideoxy-6-(1-methyl- trans -4-propyl-L-2-pyrrolidinecarboxamido)-1-thio-L- threo -α-D- galacto -octopyranoside 2-(dihydrogen phosphate).

The molecular formula is C 18 H 34 ClN 2 O 8 PS and the molecular weight is 504.97.

The structural formula is represented below: Each mL contains clindamycin phosphate equivalent to 150 mg clindamycin, 0.5 mg disodium edetate and 9.45 mg benzyl alcohol added as a preservative.

image of chemical structure

HOW SUPPLIED

Clindamycin Injection, USP (150 mg/mL) is supplied as follows: List No.

Volume Type Container Clindamycin base Total Content 54868-3695-0 2 mL Single-dose fliptop vial/ 25 vials per tray 300 mg Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F).

[See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Do not refrigerate.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Clindamycin Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria.

Clindamycin Injection, USP is also indicated in the treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of streptococci, pneumococci, and staphylococci.

Its use should be reserved for penicillin-allergic patients or other patients for whom, in the judgment of the physician, a penicillin is inappropriate.

Because of the risk of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis, as described in the WARNING box, before selecting clindamycin the physician should consider the nature of the infection and the suitability of less toxic alternatives (e.g., erythromycin).

Bacteriologic studies should be performed to determine the causative organisms and their susceptibility to clindamycin.

Indicated surgical procedures should be performed in conjunction with antibiotic therapy.

Clindamycin Injection, USP is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms in the conditions listed below: Lower respiratory tract infections including pneumonia, empyema, and lung abscess caused by anaerobes, Streptococcus pneumoniae , other streptococci (except E.

faecalis ), and Staphylococcus aureus .

Skin and skin structure infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , and anaerobes.

Gynecological infections including endometritis, nongonococcal tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic cellulitis, and postsurgical vaginal cuff infection caused by susceptible anaerobes.

Intra-abdominal infections including peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess caused by susceptible anaerobic organisms.

Septicemia caused by Staphylococcus aureus , streptococci (except Enterococcus faecalis ), and susceptible anaerobes.

Bone and joint infections including acute hematogenous osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus and as adjunctive therapy in the surgical treatment of chronic bone and joint infections due to susceptible organisms.

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of clindamycin and other antibacterial drugs, clindamycin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria.

When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy.

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

BOXED WARNING

WARNING Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile .

Because clindamycin therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section.

It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections.

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

If diarrhea occurs during therapy, this antibiotic should be discontinued.

(See WARNING box).

Adults: Parenteral (I.M.

or I.V.

Administration): Serious infections due to aerobic gram-positive cocci and the more susceptible anaerobes (NOT generally including Bacteroides fragilis , Peptococcus species and Clostridium species other than Clostridium perfringens ): 600 to 1200 mg/day in 2, 3 or 4 equal doses.

More severe infections, particularly those due to proven or suspected Bacteroides fragilis , Peptococcus species, or Clostridium species other than Clostridium perfringens : 1200 to 2700 mg/day in 2, 3 or 4 equal doses.

For more serious infections, these doses may have to be increased.

In life-threatening situations due to either aerobes or anaerobes, these doses may be increased.

Doses of as much as 4800 mg daily have been given intravenously to adults.

See Dilution and Infusion Rates section below.

Single I.M.

injections of greater than 600 mg are not recommended.

Alternatively, drug may be administered in the form of a single rapid infusion of the first dose followed by continuous I.V.

infusion as follows: To maintain serum clindamycin levels Above 4 mcg/mL Above 5 mcg/mL Above 6 mcg/mL Rapid infusion rate 10 mg/min for 30 min 15 mg/min for 30 min 20 mg/min for 30 min Maintenance infusion rate 0.75 mg/min 1 mg/min 1.25 mg/min Neonates (less than 1 month): 15 to 20 mg/kg/day in three to four equal doses.

The lower dosage may be adequate for small prematures.

Pediatric patients (1 month of age to 16 years): Parenteral (I.M.

or I.V.) administration: 20 to 40 mg/kg/day in 3 or 4 equal doses.

The higher doses would be used for more severe infections.

As an alternative to dosing on a body weight basis, pediatric patients may be dosed on the basis of square meters body surface: 350 mg/m 2 /day for serious infections and 450 mg/m 2 /day for more severe infections.

Parenteral therapy may be changed to clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride for oral solution or clindamycin hydrochloride capsules when the condition warrants and at the discretion of the physician.

In cases of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections, treatment should be continued for at least 10 days.

Dilution and Infusion Rates: Clindamycin phosphate must be diluted prior to I.V.

administration.

The concentration of clindamycin in diluent for infusion should not exceed 18 mg per mL.

Infusion rates should not exceed 30 mg per minute.

The usual infusion dilutions and rates are as follows: Dose Diluent Time 300 mg 600 mg 900 mg 1200 mg 50 mL 50 mL 50-100 mL 100 mL 10 min 20 min 30 min 40 min Administration of more than 1200 mg in a single 1-hour infusion is not recommended.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.

Dilution and Compatibility: Physical and biological compatibility studies monitored for 24 hours at room temperature have demonstrated no inactivation or incompatibility with the use of clindamycin phosphate in I.V.

solutions containing sodium chloride, glucose, calcium or potassium, and solutions containing vitamin B complex in concentrations usually used clinically.

No incompatibility has been demonstrated with the antibiotics cephalothin, kanamycin, gentamicin, penicillin or carbenicillin.

The following drugs are physically incompatible with clindamycin phosphate: ampicillin sodium, phenytoin sodium, barbiturates, aminophylline, calcium gluconate, and magnesium sulfate.

The compatibility and duration of stability of drug admixtures will vary depending on concentration and other conditions.

Physico-Chemical Stability of Diluted Solutions of Clindamycin: Room temperature: 6, 9, and 12 mg/mL (equivalent to clindamycin base) in 5% Dextrose Injection, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, or Lactated Ringer’s Injection in glass bottles or minibags, demonstrated physical and chemical stability for at least 16 days at 25°C.

Also, 18 mg/mL (equivalent to clindamycin base) in 5% Dextrose Injection, in minibags, demonstrated physical and chemical stability for at least 16 days at 25°C.

Refrigeration: 6, 9 and 12 mg/mL (equivalent to clindamycin base) in 5% Dextrose Injection, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, or Lactated Ringer’s Injection in glass bottles or minibags, demonstrated physical and chemical stability for at least 32 days at 4°C.

IMPORTANT: This chemical stability information in no way indicates that it would be acceptable practice to use this product well after the preparation time.

Good professional practice suggests that compounded admixtures should be administered as soon after preparation as is feasible.

Frozen: 6, 9 and 12 mg/mL (equivalent to clindamycin base) in 5% Dextrose Injection, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, or Lactated Ringer’s Injection in minibags demonstrated physical and chemical stability for at least eight weeks at -10°C.

Frozen solutions should be thawed at room temperature and not refrozen.

Caution: Do not use plastic containers in series connections.

Such use could result in air embolism due to residual air being drawn from the primary container before administration of the fluid from the secondary container is complete.

penicillin G benzathine 2,400,000 UNT in 4 ML Prefilled Syringe

Generic Name: PENICILLIN G BENZATHINE
Brand Name: BICILLIN L-A
  • Substance Name(s):
  • PENICILLIN G BENZATHINE

WARNINGS

WARNING NOT FOR INTRAVENOUS USE.

DO NOT INJECT INTRAVENOUSLY OR ADMIX WITH OTHER INTRAVENOUS SOLUTIONS.

THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS OF INADVERTENT INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF PENICILLIN G BENZATHINE WHICH HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIORESPIRATORY ARREST AND DEATH.

Prior to administration of this drug, carefully read the , ADVERSE REACTIONS , and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections of the labeling.

Penicillin G benzathine should only be prescribed for the indications listed in this insert.

Anaphylaxis SERIOUS AND OCCASIONALLY FATAL HYPERSENSITIVITY (ANAPHYLACTIC) REACTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN PATIENTS ON PENICILLIN THERAPY.

THESE REACTIONS ARE MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN INDIVIDUALS WITH A HISTORY OF PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY AND/OR A HISTORY OF SENSITIVITY TO MULTIPLE ALLERGENS.

THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH A HISTORY OF PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED SEVERE REACTIONS WHEN TREATED WITH CEPHALOSPORINS.

BEFORE INITIATING THERAPY WITH BICILLIN L-A, CAREFUL INQUIRY SHOULD BE MADE CONCERNING PREVIOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS TO PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, OR OTHER ALLERGENS.

IF AN ALLERGIC REACTION OCCURS, BICILLIN L-A SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED AND APPROPRIATE THERAPY INSTITUTED.

SERIOUS ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS REQUIRE IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH EPINEPHRINE.

OXYGEN, INTRAVENOUS STEROIDS AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING INTUBATION, SHOULD ALSO BE ADMINISTERED AS INDICATED.

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) have been reported in patients taking penicillin G (the active moiety in Bicillin L-A).

When SCAR is suspected, Bicillin L-A should be discontinued immediately and an alternative treatment should be considered.

Clostridioides difficile Associated Diarrhea Clostridioides difficile associated-diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Bicillin L-A, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile .

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibacterial use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

Method of Administration Do not inject into or near an artery or nerve.

See administration instructions below.

Injection into or near a nerve may result in permanent neurological damage.

Inadvertent intravascular administration, including inadvertent direct intra-arterial injection or injection immediately adjacent to arteries, of Bicillin L-A and other penicillin preparations has resulted in severe neurovascular damage, including transverse myelitis with permanent paralysis, gangrene requiring amputation of digits and more proximal portions of extremities, and necrosis and sloughing at and surrounding the injection site consistent with the diagnosis of Nicolau syndrome.

Such severe effects have been reported following injections into the buttock, thigh, and deltoid areas.

Other serious complications of suspected intravascular administration which have been reported include immediate pallor, mottling, or cyanosis of the extremity both distal and proximal to the injection site, followed by bleb formation; severe edema requiring anterior and/or posterior compartment fasciotomy in the lower extremity.

The above-described severe effects and complications have most often occurred in infants and small children.

Prompt consultation with an appropriate specialist is indicated if any evidence of compromise of the blood supply occurs at, proximal to, or distal to the site of injection.

1–9 (See PRECAUTIONS , and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections.) FOR DEEP INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION ONLY.

There have been reports of inadvertent intravenous administration of penicillin G benzathine which has been associated with cardiorespiratory arrest and death.

Therefore, do not inject intravenously or admix with other intravenous solutions.

(See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION section.) Administer by DEEP INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION ONLY in the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock (dorsogluteal) or the ventrogluteal site.

Quadriceps femoris fibrosis and atrophy have been reported following repeated intramuscular injections of penicillin preparations into the anterolateral thigh.

Because of these adverse effects and the vascularity of this region, administration in the anterolateral thigh is not recommended.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Drug Interactions Tetracycline, a bacteriostatic antibiotic, may antagonize the bactericidal effect of penicillin, and concurrent use of these drugs should be avoided.

Concurrent administration of penicillin and probenecid increases and prolongs serum penicillin levels by decreasing the apparent volume of distribution and slowing the rate of excretion by competitively inhibiting renal tubular secretion of penicillin.

OVERDOSAGE

Penicillin in overdosage has the potential to cause neuromuscular hyperirritability or convulsive seizures.

DESCRIPTION

Description Bicillin L-A (penicillin G benzathine injectable suspension) is available for deep intramuscular injection.

Penicillin G benzathine is prepared by the reaction of dibenzylethylene diamine with two molecules of penicillin G.

It is chemically designated as (2 S , 5 R , 6 R )-3,3-Dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid compound with N,N’ – dibenzylethylenediamine (2:1), tetrahydrate.

It occurs as a white, crystalline powder and is very slightly soluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol.

Its chemical structure is as follows: Bicillin L-A contains penicillin G benzathine in aqueous suspension with sodium citrate buffer and, as w/v, approximately 0.65% sodium citrate, 0.59% povidone, 0.54% carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 0.53% lecithin, 0.12% methylparaben, and 0.013% propylparaben.

Bicillin L-A contains approximately 0.11 mEq of sodium per 600,000 units of penicillin G (approximately 2.59 mg of sodium per 600,000 units of penicillin G).

Bicillin L-A suspension in the disposable-syringe formulation is viscous and opaque.

It is available in a 1 mL, 2 mL, and 4 mL sizes containing the equivalent of 600,000 (actual volume of 1.17 mL contains 620,100), 1,200,000 (actual volume of 2.34 mL contains 1,240,200), and 2,400,000 (actual volume of 4.67 mL contains 2,475,100) units respectively of penicillin G as the benzathine salt.

Read CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections prior to use.

Chemical Structure

HOW SUPPLIED

Bicillin L-A (penicillin G benzathine injectable suspension) is supplied in packages of 10 disposable syringes as follows: 1 mL size, containing 600,000 units per syringe, (21 gauge, thin-wall 1-inch needle for pediatric use), with 0.11 mEq of sodium per 600,000 units of penicillin G (2.59 mg of sodium per 600,000 units of penicillin G), NDC 60793-700-10.

2 mL size, containing 1,200,000 units per syringe, (21 gauge, thin-wall 1-1/2-inch needle), with 0.22 mEq of sodium per 1,200,000 units of penicillin G (5.17 mg of sodium per 1,200,000 units of penicillin G), NDC 60793-701-10.

4 mL size, containing 2,400,000 units per syringe (18 gauge, × 1–1/2-inch needle), with 0.45 mEq of sodium per 2,400,000 units of penicillin G (10.32 mg of sodium per 2,400,000 units of penicillin G), NDC 60793-702-10.

Store in a refrigerator, 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F).

Keep from freezing.

GERIATRIC USE

Geriatric Use Clinical studies of penicillin G benzathine did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.

Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients.

In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function.

(See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY .) Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Mechanism of Action Penicillin G exerts a bactericidal action against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication.

It acts through the inhibition of biosynthesis of cell-wall peptidoglycan, rendering the cell wall osmotically unstable.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Bicillin L-A and other antibacterial drugs, Bicillin L-A should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria.

When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy.

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

Intramuscular penicillin G benzathine is indicated in the treatment of infections due to penicillin-G-sensitive microorganisms that are susceptible to the low and very prolonged serum levels common to this particular dosage form.

Therapy should be guided by bacteriological studies (including sensitivity tests) and by clinical response.

The following infections will usually respond to adequate dosage of intramuscular penicillin G benzathine: Mild-to-moderate infections of the upper-respiratory tract due to susceptible streptococci.

Venereal infections —Syphilis, yaws, bejel, and pinta.

Medical Conditions in which Penicillin G Benzathine Therapy is indicated as Prophylaxis: Rheumatic fever and/or chorea —Prophylaxis with penicillin G benzathine has proven effective in preventing recurrence of these conditions.

It has also been used as follow-up prophylactic therapy for rheumatic heart disease and acute glomerulonephritis.

PEDIATRIC USE

Pediatric Use (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections.)

PREGNANCY

Pregnancy Teratogenic effects Pregnancy Reproduction studies performed in the mouse, rat, and rabbit have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to penicillin G.

Human experience with the penicillins during pregnancy has not shown any positive evidence of adverse effects on the fetus.

There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women showing conclusively that harmful effects of these drugs on the fetus can be excluded.

Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

NUSRING MOTHERS

Nursing Mothers Soluble penicillin G is excreted in breast milk.

Caution should be exercised when penicillin G benzathine is administered to a nursing woman.

BOXED WARNING

WARNING NOT FOR INTRAVENOUS USE.

DO NOT INJECT INTRAVENOUSLY OR ADMIX WITH OTHER INTRAVENOUS SOLUTIONS.

THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS OF INADVERTENT INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF PENICILLIN G BENZATHINE WHICH HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIORESPIRATORY ARREST AND DEATH.

Prior to administration of this drug, carefully read the WARNINGS , ADVERSE REACTIONS , and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections of the labeling.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS

Information for Patients Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued.

Sometimes after starting treatment with antibiotics, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as two or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibiotic.

If this occurs, patients should contact their physician as soon as possible.

Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs including Bicillin L-A should only be used to treat bacterial infections.

They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold).

When Bicillin L-A is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed.

Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by Bicillin L-A or other antibacterial drugs in the future.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Streptococcal (Group A) Upper Respiratory Infections (for example, pharyngitis) Adults—a single injection of 1,200,000 units; older pediatric patients—a single injection of 900,000 units; infants and pediatric patients under 60 lbs.—300,000 to 600,000 units.

Syphilis Primary, secondary, and latent—2,400,000 units (1 dose).

Late (tertiary and neurosyphilis)—2,400,000 units at 7-day intervals for three doses.

Congenital—under 2 years of age: 50,000 units/kg/body weight; ages 2 to 12 years: adjust dosage based on adult dosage schedule.

Yaws, Bejel, and Pinta —1,200,000 units (1 injection).

Prophylaxis —for rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis.

Following an acute attack, penicillin G benzathine (parenteral) may be given in doses of 1,200,000 units once a month or 600,000 units every 2 weeks.

METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION BICILLIN L-A IS INTENDED FOR INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION ONLY.

DO NOT INJECT INTO OR NEAR AN ARTERY OR NERVE, OR INTRAVENOUSLY OR ADMIX WITH OTHER INTRAVENOUS SOLUTIONS.

(SEE WARNINGS SECTION.) Administer by DEEP INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION in the upper, outer quadrant of the buttock (dorsogluteal) or the ventrogluteal site.

In neonates, infants and small children, the midlateral aspect of the thigh may be preferable.

Administration in the anterolateral thigh is not recommended due to the adverse effects observed (see WARNINGS section), and vascularity of this region.

When doses are repeated, vary the injection site.

Because of the high concentration of suspended material in this product, the needle may be blocked if the injection is not made at a slow, steady rate.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

Clindamycin 300 MG Oral Capsule

WARNINGS

SECTION See WARNING box.

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin hydrochloride capsules, USP, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon, leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile.

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

Severe Skin Reactions Severe skin reactions such as Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, some with fatal outcome, have been reported.

In case of such an event, treatment should be permanently discontinued.

A careful inquiry should be made concerning previous sensitivities to drugs and other allergens.

Usage in Meningitis—Since clindamycin does not diffuse adequately into the cerebrospinal fluid, the drug should not be used in the treatment of meningitis.

OVERDOSAGE

SECTION Significant mortality was observed in mice at an intravenous dose of 855 mg/kg and in rats at an oral or subcutaneous dose of approximately 2618 mg/kg.

In the mice, convulsions and depression were observed.

Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing clindamycin from the serum.

DESCRIPTION

SECTION Clindamycin hydrochloride is the hydrated hydrochloride salt of clindamycin.

Clindamycin is a semisynthetic antibiotic produced by a 7(S)-chloro-substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxyl group of the parent compound lincomycin.

Clindamycin hydrochloride capsules, USP contain clindamycin hydrochloride equivalent to 75 mg, 150 mg, or 300 mg of clindamycin.

Inactive ingredients: 75 mg – lactose monohydrate, corn starch, magnesium stearate, talc, D&C Yellow No.

10, FD&C Green No.

3, and gelatin; 150 mg – lactose monohydrate, corn starch, magnesium stearate, talc, D&C Yellow No.

10, FD&C Green No.

3, D&C Red No.

33, FD&C Blue No.

1, titanium dioxide, and gelatin; 300 mg – lactose monohydrate, corn starch, magnesium stearate, talc, D&C Red No.

33, FD&C Blue No.

1, FD&C Green No.

3, titanium dioxide, and gelatin.

The capsule imprinting ink contains: shellac glaze in ethanol, titanium dioxide, isopropyl alcohol, ammonium hydroxide, n-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, and simethicone.

The structural formula is represented below: image description

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION Clindamycin is indicated in the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria.

Clindamycin is also indicated in the treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of streptococci, pneumococci, and staphylococci.

Its use should be reserved for penicillin-allergic patients or other patients for whom, in the judgment of the physician, a penicillin is inappropriate.

Because of the risk of colitis, as described in the WARNING box, before selecting clindamycin, the physician should consider the nature of the infection and the suitability of less toxic alternatives (e.g., erythromycin).

Anaerobes: Serious respiratory tract infections such as empyema, anaerobic pneumonitis, and lung abscess; serious skin and soft tissue infections; septicemia; intra-abdominal infections such as peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess (typically resulting from anaerobic organisms resident in the normal gastrointestinal tract); infections of the female pelvis and genital tract such as endometritis, nongonococcal tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic cellulitis, and postsurgical vaginal cuff infection.

Streptococci: Serious respiratory tract infections; serious skin and soft tissue infections.

Staphylococci: Serious respiratory tract infections; serious skin and soft tissue infections.

Pneumococci: Serious respiratory tract infections.

Bacteriologic studies should be performed to determine the causative organisms and their susceptibility to clindamycin.

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Clindamycin HCl and other antibacterial drugs, Clindamycin HCl Capsules, USP should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria.

When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy.

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

BOXED WARNING

SECTION WARNING Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Clindamycin HCl and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon, leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile.

Because Clindamycin HCl therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section.

It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections.

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION If significant diarrhea occurs during therapy, this antibiotic should be discontinued (see WARNING box).

Adults: Serious infections—150 to 300 mg every 6 hours.

More severe infections—300 to 450 mg every 6 hours.

Pediatric Patients: Serious infections—8 to 16 mg/kg/day (4 to 8 mg/lb/day) divided into three or four equal doses.

More severe infections—16 to 20 mg/kg/day (8 to 10 mg/lb/day) divided into three or four equal doses.

To avoid the possibility of esophageal irritation, Clindamycin HCl Capsules, USP should be taken with a full glass of water.

Serious infections due to anaerobic bacteria are usually treated with clindamycin injection.

However, in clinically appropriate circumstances, the physician may elect to initiate treatment or continue treatment with Clindamycin HCl Capsules, USP.

In cases of β-hemolytic streptococcal infections, treatment should continue for at least 10 days.

Sinemet 25 MG / 100 MG Oral Tablet

Generic Name: CARBIDOPA AND LEVODOPA
Brand Name: SINEMET
  • Substance Name(s):
  • CARBIDOPA
  • LEVODOPA

WARNINGS

When SINEMET is to be given to patients who are being treated with levodopa, levodopa must be discontinued at least twelve hours before therapy with SINEMET is started.

In order to reduce adverse reactions, it is necessary to individualize therapy.

See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION section before initiating therapy.

The addition of carbidopa with levodopa in the form of SINEMET reduces the peripheral effects (nausea, vomiting) due to decarboxylation of levodopa; however, carbidopa does not decrease the adverse reactions due to the central effects of levodopa.

Because carbidopa permits more levodopa to reach the brain and more dopamine to be formed, certain adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects, e.g., dyskinesias (involuntary movements), may occur at lower dosages and sooner with SINEMET than with levodopa alone.

All patients should be observed carefully for the development of depression with concomitant suicidal tendencies.

SINEMET should be administered cautiously to patients with severe cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, renal, hepatic or endocrine disease.

As with levodopa, care should be exercised in administering SINEMET to patients with a history of myocardial infarction who have residual atrial, nodal, or ventricular arrhythmias.

In such patients, cardiac function should be monitored with particular care during the period of initial dosage adjustment, in a facility with provisions for intensive cardiac care.

As with levodopa, treatment with SINEMET may increase the possibility of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with a history of peptic ulcer.

Falling Asleep During Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence Patients taking SINEMET alone or with other dopaminergic drugs have reported suddenly falling asleep without prior warning of sleepiness while engaged in activities of daily living (includes operation of motor vehicles).

Road traffic accidents attributed to sudden sleep onset have been reported.

Although many patients reported somnolence while on dopaminergic medications, there have been reports of road traffic accidents attributed to sudden onset of sleep in which the patient did not perceive any warning signs, such as excessive drowsiness, and believed that they were alert immediately prior to the event.

Sudden onset of sleep has been reported to occur as long as one year after the initiation of treatment.

Falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living usually occurs in patients experiencing pre-existing somnolence, although some patients may not give such a history.

For this reason, prescribers should reassess patients for drowsiness or sleepiness especially since some of the events occur well after the start of treatment.

Prescribers should be aware that patients may not acknowledge drowsiness or sleepiness until directly questioned about drowsiness or sleepiness during specific activities.

Patients should be advised to exercise caution while driving or operating machines during treatment with SINEMET.

Patients who have already experienced somnolence or an episode of sudden sleep onset should not participate in these activities during treatment with SINEMET.

Before initiating treatment with SINEMET, advise patients about the potential to develop drowsiness and ask specifically about factors that may increase the risk for somnolence with SINEMET such as the use of concomitant sedating medications and the presence of sleep disorders.

Consider discontinuing SINEMET in patients who report significant daytime sleepiness or episodes of falling asleep during activities that require active participation (e.g., conversations, eating, etc.).

If treatment with SINEMET continues, patients should be advised not to drive and to avoid other potentially dangerous activities that might result in harm if the patients become somnolent.

There is insufficient information to establish that dose reduction will eliminate episodes of falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living.

Hyperpyrexia and Confusion Sporadic cases of a symptom complex resembling neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) have been reported in association with dose reductions or withdrawal of certain antiparkinsonian agents such as levodopa, carbidopa and levodopa, or carbidopa and levodopa extended release.

Therefore, patients should be observed carefully when the dosage of levodopa is reduced abruptly or discontinued, especially if the patient is receiving neuroleptics.

NMS is an uncommon but life-threatening syndrome characterized by fever or hyperthermia.

Neurological findings, including muscle rigidity, involuntary movements, altered consciousness, mental status changes; other disturbances, such as autonomic dysfunction, tachycardia, tachypnea, sweating, hyper- or hypotension; laboratory findings, such as creatine phosphokinase elevation, leukocytosis, myoglobinuria, and increased serum myoglobin have been reported.

The early diagnosis of this condition is important for the appropriate management of these patients.

Considering NMS as a possible diagnosis and ruling out other acute illnesses (e.g., pneumonia, systemic infection, etc.) is essential.

This may be especially complex if the clinical presentation includes both serious medical illness and untreated or inadequately treated extrapyramidal signs and symptoms (EPS).

Other important considerations in the differential diagnosis include central anticholinergic toxicity, heat stroke, drug fever, and primary central nervous system (CNS) pathology.

The management of NMS should include: 1) intensive symptomatic treatment and medical monitoring and 2) treatment of any concomitant serious medical problems for which specific treatments are available.

Dopamine agonists, such as bromocriptine, and muscle relaxants, such as dantrolene, are often used in the treatment of NMS; however, their effectiveness has not been demonstrated in controlled studies.

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Drug Interactions Caution should be exercised when the following drugs are administered concomitantly with SINEMET.

Symptomatic postural hypotension occurred when SINEMET was added to the treatment of a patient receiving antihypertensive drugs.

Therefore, when therapy with SINEMET is started, dosage adjustment of the antihypertensive drug may be required.

For patients receiving MAO inhibitors (Type A or B), see CONTRAINDICATIONS .

Concomitant therapy with selegiline and carbidopa and levodopa may be associated with severe orthostatic hypotension not attributable to carbidopa and levodopa alone (see CONTRAINDICATIONS ).

There have been rare reports of adverse reactions, including hypertension and dyskinesia, resulting from the concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants and SINEMET.

Dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, risperidone) and isoniazid may reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa.

In addition, the beneficial effects of levodopa in Parkinson’s disease have been reported to be reversed by phenytoin and papaverine.

Patients taking these drugs with SINEMET should be carefully observed for loss of therapeutic response.

Use of SINEMET with dopamine-depleting agents (e.g., reserpine and tetrabenazine) or other drugs known to deplete monoamine stores is not recommended.

SINEMET and iron salts or multivitamins containing iron salts should be coadministered with caution.

Iron salts can form chelates with levodopa and carbidopa and consequently reduce the bioavailability of carbidopa and levodopa.

Although metoclopramide may increase the bioavailability of levodopa by increasing gastric emptying, metoclopramide may also adversely affect disease control by its dopamine receptor antagonistic properties.

OVERDOSAGE

Management of acute overdosage with SINEMET is the same as management of acute overdosage with levodopa.

Pyridoxine is not effective in reversing the actions of SINEMET.

General supportive measures should be employed, along with immediate gastric lavage.

Intravenous fluids should be administered judiciously and an adequate airway maintained.

Electrocardiographic monitoring should be instituted and the patient carefully observed for the development of arrhythmias; if required, appropriate antiarrhythmic therapy should be given.

The possibility that the patient may have taken other drugs as well as SINEMET should be taken into consideration.

To date, no experience has been reported with dialysis; hence, its value in overdosage is not known.

Based on studies in which high doses of levodopa and/or carbidopa were administered, a significant proportion of rats and mice given single oral doses of levodopa of approximately 1500-2000 mg/kg are expected to die.

A significant proportion of infant rats of both sexes are expected to die at a dose of 800 mg/kg.

A significant proportion of rats are expected to die after treatment with similar doses of carbidopa.

The addition of carbidopa in a 1:10 ratio with levodopa increases the dose at which a significant proportion of mice are expected to die to 3360 mg/kg.

DESCRIPTION

SINEMET ® (carbidopa and levodopa) is a combination of carbidopa and levodopa for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and syndrome.

Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 244.3.

It is designated chemically as (—)-L-α-hydrazino-α-methyl-β-(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) propanoic acid monohydrate.

Its empirical formula is C 10 H 14 N 2 O 4 •H 2 O, and its structural formula is: Tablet content is expressed in terms of anhydrous carbidopa which has a molecular weight of 226.3.

Levodopa, an aromatic amino acid, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 197.2.

It is designated chemically as (—)-L-α-amino-β-(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) propanoic acid.

Its empirical formula is C 9 H 11 NO 4 , and its structural formula is: SINEMET is supplied as tablets in three strengths: SINEMET 25-100, containing 25 mg of carbidopa and 100 mg of levodopa.

SINEMET 10-100, containing 10 mg of carbidopa and 100 mg of levodopa.

SINEMET 25-250, containing 25 mg of carbidopa and 250 mg of levodopa.

Inactive ingredients for product manufactured by Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.

are hydroxypropyl cellulose, pregelatinized starch, crospovidone, microcrystalline cellulose, and magnesium stearate.

SINEMET 10-100 and 25-250 Tablets also contain FD&C Blue #2/Indigo Carmine AL.

SINEMET 25-100 Tablets also contain D&C Yellow #10 Lake.

Inactive ingredients for product manufactured by Savio Industrial S.r.L are microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, starch (corn), and magnesium stearate.

SINEMET 10-100 and 25-250 Tablets also contain FD&C Blue #2.

SINEMET 25-100 Tablets also contain D&C Yellow #10.

image of carbidopa chemical structure image of levodopa chemical structure

HOW SUPPLIED

For SINEMET Manufactured by Mylan No.

3916A — SINEMET 25-100 Tablets are yellow, round, uncoated tablets, that are coded “650” on one side and plain on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-3916-68 bottles of 100.

No.

3915 — SINEMET 10-100 Tablets are light dapple-blue, round, uncoated tablets, that are coded “647” on one side and plain on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-3915-68 bottles of 100.

No.

3917 — SINEMET 25-250 Tablets are light dapple-blue, round, uncoated tablets, that are coded “654” on one side and plain on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-3917-68 bottles of 100.

For SINEMET Manufactured by Savio No.

6724 — SINEMET 25-100 Tablets are yellow oval tablets that are plain on one side, with “650” and a score line on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-6724-68 bottles of 100.

No.

6722 — SINEMET 10-100 Tablets are dark dapple-blue oval tablets that are plain on one side, with “647” and a score line on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-6722-68 bottles of 100.

No.

6723 — SINEMET 25-250 Tablets are light dapple-blue oval tablets that are plain on one side, with “654” and a score line on the other.

They are supplied as follows: NDC 0006-6723-68 bottles of 100.

Storage and Handling Store at 25°C (77°F), excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Store in a tightly closed container, protected from light and moisture.

Dispense in a tightly closed, light-resistant container.

GERIATRIC USE

Geriatric Use In the clinical efficacy trials for SINEMET, almost half of the patients were older than 65, but few were older than 75.

No overall meaningful differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals to adverse drug reactions such as hallucinations cannot be ruled out.

There is no specific dosing recommendation based upon clinical pharmacology data as SINEMET is titrated as tolerated for clinical effect.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Mechanism of Action Parkinson’s disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of the extrapyramidal nervous system affecting the mobility and control of the skeletal muscular system.

Its characteristic features include resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinetic movements.

Symptomatic treatments, such as levodopa therapies, may permit the patient better mobility.

Current evidence indicates that symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are related to depletion of dopamine in the corpus striatum.

Administration of dopamine is ineffective in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease apparently because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

However, levodopa, the metabolic precursor of dopamine, does cross the blood-brain barrier, and presumably is converted to dopamine in the brain.

This is thought to be the mechanism whereby levodopa relieves symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

SINEMET is indicated in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, post-encephalitic parkinsonism, and symptomatic parkinsonism that may follow carbon monoxide intoxication or manganese intoxication.

Carbidopa allows patients treated for Parkinson’s disease to use much lower doses of levodopa.

Some patients who responded poorly to levodopa have improved on SINEMET.

This is most likely due to decreased peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa caused by administration of carbidopa rather than by a primary effect of carbidopa on the nervous system.

Carbidopa has not been shown to enhance the intrinsic efficacy of levodopa.

Carbidopa may also reduce nausea and vomiting and permit more rapid titration of levodopa.

PEDIATRIC USE

Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

Use of the drug in patients below the age of 18 is not recommended.

PREGNANCY

Pregnancy No teratogenic effects were observed in a study in mice receiving up to 20 times the maximum recommended human dose of SINEMET.

There was a decrease in the number of live pups delivered by rats receiving approximately two times the maximum recommended human dose of carbidopa and approximately five times the maximum recommended human dose of levodopa during organogenesis.

SINEMET caused both visceral and skeletal malformations in rabbits at all doses and ratios of carbidopa/levodopa tested, which ranged from 10 times/5 times the maximum recommended human dose of carbidopa/levodopa to 20 times/10 times the maximum recommended human dose of carbidopa/levodopa.

There are no adequate or well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

It has been reported from individual cases that levodopa crosses the human placental barrier, enters the fetus, and is metabolized.

Carbidopa concentrations in fetal tissue appeared to be minimal.

Use of SINEMET in women of childbearing potential requires that the anticipated benefits of the drug be weighed against possible hazards to mother and child.

NUSRING MOTHERS

Nursing Mothers Levodopa has been detected in human milk.

Caution should be exercised when SINEMET is administered to a nursing woman.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS

Information for Patients The patient should be informed that SINEMET is an immediate-release formulation of carbidopa and levodopa that is designed to begin release of ingredients within 30 minutes.

It is important that SINEMET be taken at regular intervals according to the schedule outlined by the physician.

The patient should be cautioned not to change the prescribed dosage regimen and not to add any additional antiparkinson medications, including other carbidopa and levodopa preparations, without first consulting the physician.

Patients should be advised that sometimes a ‘wearing-off’ effect may occur at the end of the dosing interval.

The physician should be notified if such response poses a problem to lifestyle.

Patients should be advised that occasionally, dark color (red, brown, or black) may appear in saliva, urine, or sweat after ingestion of SINEMET.

Although the color appears to be clinically insignificant, garments may become discolored.

The patient should be advised that a change in diet to foods that are high in protein may delay the absorption of levodopa and may reduce the amount taken up in the circulation.

Excessive acidity also delays stomach emptying, thus delaying the absorption of levodopa.

Iron salts (such as in multivitamin tablets) may also reduce the amount of levodopa available to the body.

The above factors may reduce the clinical effectiveness of the levodopa or carbidopa and levodopa therapy.

Patients should be alerted to the possibility of sudden onset of sleep during daily activities, in some cases without awareness or warning signs, when they are taking dopaminergic agents, including levodopa.

Patients should be advised to exercise caution while driving or operating machinery and that if they have experienced somnolence and/or sudden sleep onset, they must refrain from these activities.

(See WARNINGS, Falling Asleep During Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence .) There have been reports of patients experiencing intense urges to gamble, increased sexual urges, and other intense urges, and the inability to control these urges while taking one or more of the medications that increase central dopaminergic tone and that are generally used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, including SINEMET.

Although it is not proven that the medications caused these events, these urges were reported to have stopped in some cases when the dose was reduced or the medication was stopped.

Prescribers should ask patients about the development of new or increased gambling urges, sexual urges or other urges while being treated with SINEMET.

Patients should inform their physician if they experience new or increased gambling urges, increased sexual urges, or other intense urges while taking SINEMET.

Physicians should consider dose reduction or stopping the medication if a patient develops such urges while taking SINEMET (See PRECAUTIONS, Impulse Control / Compulsive Behaviors ).

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

The optimum daily dosage of SINEMET must be determined by careful titration in each patient.

SINEMET tablets are available in a 1:4 ratio of carbidopa to levodopa (SINEMET 25-100) as well as 1:10 ratio (SINEMET 25-250 and SINEMET 10-100).

Tablets of the two ratios may be given separately or combined as needed to provide the optimum dosage.

Studies show that peripheral dopa decarboxylase is saturated by carbidopa at approximately 70 to 100 mg a day.

Patients receiving less than this amount of carbidopa are more likely to experience nausea and vomiting.

Usual Initial Dosage Dosage is best initiated with one tablet of SINEMET 25-100 three times a day.

This dosage schedule provides 75 mg of carbidopa per day.

Dosage may be increased by one tablet every day or every other day, as necessary, until a dosage of eight tablets of SINEMET 25-100 a day is reached.

If SINEMET 10-100 is used, dosage may be initiated with one tablet three or four times a day.

However, this will not provide an adequate amount of carbidopa for many patients.

Dosage may be increased by one tablet every day or every other day until a total of eight tablets (2 tablets q.i.d.) is reached.

How to Transfer Patients from Levodopa Levodopa must be discontinued at least twelve hours before starting SINEMET.

A daily dosage of SINEMET should be chosen that will provide approximately 25% of the previous levodopa dosage.

Patients who are taking less than 1500 mg of levodopa a day should be started on one tablet of SINEMET 25-100 three or four times a day.

The suggested starting dosage for most patients taking more than 1500 mg of levodopa is one tablet of SINEMET 25-250 three or four times a day.

Maintenance Therapy should be individualized and adjusted according to the desired therapeutic response.

At least 70 to 100 mg of carbidopa per day should be provided.

When a greater proportion of carbidopa is required, one tablet of SINEMET 25-100 may be substituted for each tablet of SINEMET 10-100.

When more levodopa is required, SINEMET 25-250 should be substituted for SINEMET 25-100 or SINEMET 10-100.

If necessary, the dosage of carbidopa and levodopa 25-250 may be increased by one-half or one tablet every day or every other day to a maximum of eight tablets a day.

Experience with total daily dosages of carbidopa greater than 200 mg is limited.

Because both therapeutic and adverse responses occur more rapidly with SINEMET than with levodopa alone, patients should be monitored closely during the dose adjustment period.

Specifically, involuntary movements will occur more rapidly with SINEMET than with levodopa.

The occurrence of involuntary movements may require dosage reduction.

Blepharospasm may be a useful early sign of excess dosage in some patients.

Addition of Other Antiparkinsonian Medications Standard drugs for Parkinson’s disease, other than levodopa without a decarboxylase inhibitor, may be used concomitantly while SINEMET is being administered, although dosage adjustments may be required.

Interruption of Therapy Sporadic cases of hyperpyrexia and confusion have been associated with dose reductions and withdrawal of SINEMET.

Patients should be observed carefully if abrupt reduction or discontinuation of SINEMET is required, especially if the patient is receiving neuroleptics.

(See WARNINGS .) If general anesthesia is required, SINEMET may be continued as long as the patient is permitted to take fluids and medication by mouth.

If therapy is interrupted temporarily, the patient should be observed for symptoms resembling NMS, and the usual daily dosage may be administered as soon as the patient is able to take oral medication.

beclomethasone dipropionate 40 MCG/ACTUAT Metered Dose Inhaler, 100 ACTUAT

WARNINGS

Particular care is needed in patients who are transferred from systemically active corticosteroids to QVAR because deaths due to adrenal insufficiency have occurred in asthmatic patients during and after transfer from systemic corticosteroids to less systemically available inhaled corticosteroids.

After withdrawal from systemic corticosteroids, a number of months are required for recovery of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function.

Patients who have been previously maintained on 20 mg or more per day of prednisone (or its equivalent) may be most susceptible, particularly when their systemic corticosteroids have been almost completely withdrawn.

During this period of HPA suppression, patients may exhibit signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency when exposed to trauma, surgery, or infections (particularly gastroenteritis) or other conditions with severe electrolyte loss.

Although QVAR may provide control of asthmatic symptoms during these episodes, in recommended doses it supplies less than normal physiological amounts of glucocorticoid systemically and does NOT provide the mineralocorticoid that is necessary for coping with these emergencies.

During periods of stress or a severe asthmatic attack, patients who have been withdrawn from systemic corticosteroids should be instructed to resume oral corticosteroids (in large doses) immediately and to contact their physician for further instruction.

These patients should also be instructed to carry a warning card indicating that they may need supplementary systemic steroids during periods of stress or a severe asthma attack.

Transfer of patients from systemic steroid therapy to QVAR may unmask allergic conditions previously suppressed by the systemic steroid therapy, e.g., rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and eczema.

Persons who are on drugs which suppress the immune system are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals.

Chickenpox and measles, for example, can have a more serious or even fatal course in non-immune children or adults on corticosteroids.

In such children or adults who have not had these diseases or been properly immunized, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure.

It is not known how the dose, route and duration of corticosteroid administration affects the risk of developing a disseminated infection.

Nor is the contribution of the underlying disease and/or prior corticosteroid treatment known.

If exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella-zoster immune globulin (VZIG) may be indicated.

If exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin (IG) may be indicated.

(See the respective package inserts for complete VZIG and IG prescribing information.) If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered.

QVAR is not a bronchodilator and is not indicated for rapid relief of bronchospasm.

As with other inhaled asthma medications, bronchospasm, with an immediate increase in wheezing, may occur after dosing.

If bronchospasm occurs following dosing with QVAR, it should be treated immediately with a short acting inhaled bronchodilator.

Treatment with QVAR should be discontinued and alternate therapy instituted.

Patients should be instructed to contact their physician immediately when episodes of asthma, which are not responsive to bronchodilators, occur during the course of treatment with QVAR.

During such episodes, patients may require therapy with oral corticosteroids.

OVERDOSAGE

There were no deaths over 15 days following the oral administration of a single dose of 3000 mg/kg in mice, 2000 mg/kg in rats, and 1000 mg/kg in rabbits.

The doses in mice, rats, and rabbits were 19,000, 25,000, and 25,000 times, respectively, the maximum recommended daily inhalation in adults or 36,000, 48,000, and 48,000 times, respectively the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose in children on a mg/m 2 basis.

DESCRIPTION

The active component of QVAR 40 mcg Inhalation Aerosol and QVAR 80 mcg Inhalation Aerosol is beclomethasone dipropionate, USP, an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid having the chemical name 9-chloro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16β-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17,21-dipropionate.

Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) is a diester of beclomethasone, a synthetic corticosteroid chemically related to dexamethasone.

Beclomethasone differs from dexamethasone in having a chlorine at the 9-alpha carbon in place of a fluorine, and in having a 16 beta-methyl group instead of a 16 alpha-methyl group.

Beclomethasone dipropionate is a white to creamy white, odorless powder with a molecular formula of C 28 H 37 ClO 7 and a molecular weight of 521.1.

Its chemical structure is: QVAR is a pressurized, metered-dose aerosol intended for oral inhalation only.

Each unit contains a solution of beclomethasone dipropionate in propellant HFA-134a (1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane) and ethanol.

QVAR 40 mcg delivers 40 mcg of beclomethasone dipropionate from the actuator and 50 mcg from the valve.

QVAR 80 mcg delivers 80 mcg of beclomethasone dipropionate from the actuator and 100 mcg from the valve.

Both products deliver 50 microliters (59 milligrams) of solution formulation from the valve with each actuation.

Each canister provides 100 inhalations.

QVAR should be “primed” or actuated twice prior to taking the first dose from a new canister, or when the inhaler has not been used for more than ten days.

Avoid spraying in the eyes or face while priming QVAR.

This product does not contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

image of QVAR chemical structure

CLINICAL STUDIES

CLINICAL TRIALS Blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled and active-controlled clinical studies were conducted in 940 adult asthma patients to assess the efficacy and safety of QVAR in the treatment of asthma.

Fixed doses ranging from 40 mcg to 160 mcg twice daily were compared to placebo, and doses ranging from 40 mcg to 320 mcg twice daily were compared with doses of 42 mcg to 336 mcg twice daily of an active CFC-BDP comparator.

These studies provided information about appropriate dosing through a range of asthma severity.

A blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 353 pediatric patients (age 5-12 years) to assess the efficacy and safety of HFA beclomethasone dipropionate in the treatment of asthma.

Fixed doses of 40 mcg and 80 mcg twice daily were compared with placebo in this study.

In these adult and pediatric efficacy trials, at the doses studied, measures of pulmonary function [forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) and morning peak expiratory flow (AM PEF)] and asthma symptoms were significantly improved with QVAR treatment when compared to placebo.

In controlled clinical trials with adult patients not adequately controlled with beta-agonist alone, QVAR was effective at improving asthma control at doses as low as 40 mcg twice daily (80 mcg/day).

Comparable asthma control was achieved at lower daily doses of QVAR than with CFC-BDP.

Treatment with increasing doses of both QVAR and CFC-BDP generally resulted in increased improvement in FEV 1 .

In this trial the improvement in FEV 1 across doses was greater for QVAR than for CFC-BDP, indicating a shift in the dose response curve for QVAR.

Patients Not Previously Receiving Corticosteroid Therapy In a 6 week clinical trial, 270 steroid naive patients with symptomatic asthma being treated with as-needed beta-agonist bronchodilators, were randomized to receive either 40 mcg twice daily of QVAR, 80 mcg twice daily of QVAR, or placebo.

Both doses of QVAR were effective in improving asthma control with significantly greater improvements in FEV 1 , AM PEF, and asthma symptoms than with placebo.

Shown below is the change from baseline in AM PEF during this trial.

A 6-Week Clinical Trial in Patients with Mild to Moderate Asthma Not on Corticosteroid Therapy Prior to Study Entry: Mean Change in AM PEF In a 6-week clinical trial, 256 patients with symptomatic asthma being treated with as-needed beta-agonist bronchodilators, were randomized to receive either 160 mcg twice daily of QVAR (delivered as either 40 mcg/actuation or 80 mcg/actuation) or placebo.

Treatment with QVAR significantly improved asthma control, as assessed by FEV 1 , AM PEF, and asthma symptoms, when compared to treatment with placebo.

Comparable improvement in AM PEF was seen for patients receiving 160 mcg twice daily QVAR from the 40 mcg and 80 mcg strength products.

Patients Responsive to a Short Course of Oral Corticosteroids In another clinical trial, 347 patients with symptomatic asthma, being treated with as-needed inhaled beta-agonist bronchodilators and, in some cases, inhaled corticosteroids, were given a 7-12 day course of oral corticosteroids and then randomized to receive either 320 mcg daily of QVAR, 672 mcg of CFC-BDP, or placebo.

Patients treated with either QVAR or CFC-BDP had significantly better asthma control, as assessed by AM PEF, FEV 1 and asthma symptoms, and fewer study withdrawals due to asthma symptoms, than those treated with placebo over 12 weeks of treatment.

A daily dose of 320 mcg QVAR administered in divided doses provided comparable control of AM PEF and FEV 1 as 672 mcg of CFC-BDP.

Shown below are the mean AM PEF results from this trial.

A 12-Week Clinical Trial in Moderate Symptomatic Patients with Asthma Responding to Oral Corticosteroid Therapy: Mean AM PEF by Study Week Patients Previously on Inhaled Corticosteroids In a 6-week clinical trial, 323 patients, who exhibited a deterioration in asthma control during an inhaled corticosteroid washout period, were randomized to daily treatment with either 40, 160, or 320 mcg twice daily QVAR or 42, 168, or 336 mcg twice daily CFC-BDP.

Treatment with increasing doses of both QVAR and CFC-BDP resulted in increased improvement in FEV 1 , FEF 25-75% (forced expiratory flow over 25-75% of the vital capacity), and asthma symptoms.

Shown below is the change from baseline in FEV 1 as percent predicted after 6 weeks of treatment.

A 6-Week Dose Response Clinical Trial in Patients with Inhaled Corticosteroid Dependent Asthma: Mean Change in FEV 1 as Percent of Predicted Patients Previously Maintained on Oral Corticosteroids Clinical experience has shown that some patients with asthma who require oral corticosteroid therapy for control of symptoms can be partially or completely withdrawn from oral corticosteroids if therapy with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol is substituted.

Inhaled corticosteroids may not be effective for all patients with asthma or at all stages of the disease in a given patient.

Pediatric Experience In one 12-week clinical trial, pediatric patients (age 5-12 years) with symptomatic asthma (N=353) being treated with as-needed beta-agonist bronchodilators were randomized to receive either 40 mcg or 80 mcg twice daily of HFA beclomethasone dipropionate or placebo.

Both doses were effective in improving asthma control with significantly greater improvements in FEV 1 (9% and 10% predicted change from baseline at week 12 in FEV 1 percent predicted, respectively) than with placebo (4% predicted change).

6 Week graph 12 Week graph 6 Week graph

HOW SUPPLIED

QVAR is supplied in two strengths: QVAR 40 mcg is supplied in a 7.3 g canister containing 100 actuations with a beige plastic actuator and gray dust cap, and Patient’s Instructions; box of one; 100 Actuations – NDC 54868-5857-0 or in an 8.7 g canister containing 120 actuations with a beige plastic actuator and gray dust cap, and Patient’s Instructions; box of one; 120 Actuations – NDC 54868-5857-1 QVAR 80 mcg is supplied in a 7.3 g canister containing 100 actuations with a dark mauve plastic actuator and gray dust cap, and Patient’s Instructions; box of one; 100 Actuations – NDC 54868-5858-0 or in an 8.7 g canister containing 120 actuations with a dark mauve plastic actuator and gray dust cap, and Patient’s Instructions; box of one; 120 Actuations – NDC 54868-5858-1 The correct amount of medication in each inhalation cannot be assured after 100 actuations from the 7.3 g canister or 120 actuations from the 8.7 g canister even though the canister is not completely empty.

The canister should be discarded when the labeled number of actuations have been used.

Store QVAR Inhalation Aerosol when not being used, so that the product rests on the concave end of the canister with the plastic actuator on top.

Store at 25°C (77°F).

Excursions between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F) are permitted (see USP).

For optimal results, the canister should be at room temperature when used.

QVAR Inhalation Aerosol canister should only be used with the QVAR Inhalation Aerosol actuator and the actuator should not be used with any other inhalation drug product.

CONTENTS UNDER PRESSURE Do not puncture.

Do not use or store near heat or open flame.

Exposure to temperatures above 49°C (120°F) may cause bursting.

Never throw container into fire or incinerator.

Keep out of reach of children.

Rx only U.S.

Patent Nos.

5605674, 5683677, 5695743, 5776432 Mktd by: Teva Respiratory, LLC– Horsham, PA 19044 Developed and Manufactured by: 3M Drug Delivery System Northridge, CA 91324 OR 3M Health Care, Ltd.

Loughborough, UK September, 2010 © 2010 Teva Respiratory, LLC 639300 QVAR® is a registered trademark of IVAX LLC, a member of the TEVA Group.

Rev.

09/10 OptiChamber is a registered trademark of Respironics Healthscan, Inc.

and AeroChamber Plus is a registered trademark of Trudell Medical International Trudell Partnership Holdings Limited and Packard Medical Supply Centre Ltd.

Relabeling of “Additional” barcode label by: Physicians Total Care, Inc.

Tulsa, OK 74146

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

QVAR is indicated in the maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy in patients 5 years of age and older.

QVAR is also indicated for asthma patients who require systemic corticosteroid administration, where adding QVAR may reduce or eliminate the need for the systemic corticosteroids.

Beclomethasone dipropionate is NOT indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Patients should prime QVAR by actuating into the air twice before using for the first time or if QVAR has not been used for over ten days.

Avoid spraying in the eyes or face when priming QVAR.

QVAR is a solution aerosol, which does not require shaking.

Consistent dose delivery is achieved, whether using the 40 or 80 mcg strengths, due to proportionality of the two products (i.e., two actuations of 40 mcg strength should provide a dose comparable to one actuation of the 80 mcg strength).

QVAR should be administered by the oral inhaled route in patients 5 years of age and older.

Use of QVAR with a spacer device in children less than 5 years of age is not recommended (see PRECAUTIONS, Pediatric Use ).

The onset and degree of symptom relief will vary in individual patients.

Improvement in asthma symptoms should be expected within the first or second week of starting treatment, but maximum benefit should not be expected until 3-4 weeks of therapy.

For patients who do not respond adequately to the starting dose after 3-4 weeks of therapy, higher doses may provide additional asthma control.

The safety and efficacy of QVAR when administered in excess of recommended doses has not been established.

Recommended Dosage for QVAR: Previous Therapy Recommended Starting Dose Highest Recommended Dose Adults and Adolescents: Bronchodilators Alone 40 to 80 mcg twice daily 320 mcg twice daily Inhaled Corticosteroids 40 to 160 mcg twice daily 320 mcg twice daily Children 5 to 11 years: Bronchodilators Alone 40 mcg twice daily 80 mcg twice daily Inhaled Corticosteroids 40 mcg twice daily 80 mcg twice daily As with any inhaled corticosteroid, physicians are advised to titrate the dose of QVAR downward over time to the lowest level that maintains proper asthma control.

This is particularly important in children since a controlled study has shown that QVAR has the potential to affect growth in children.

Patients should be instructed on the proper use of their inhaler.

Patients Not Receiving Systemic Corticosteroids Patients who require maintenance therapy of their asthma may benefit from treatment with QVAR at the doses recommended above.

In patients who respond to QVAR, improvement in pulmonary function is usually apparent within 1 to 4 weeks after the start of therapy.

Once the desired effect is achieved, consideration should be given to tapering to the lowest effective dose.

Patients Maintained on Systemic Corticosteroids QVAR may be effective in the management of asthmatics maintained on systemic corticosteroids and may permit replacement or significant reduction in the dosage of systemic corticosteroids.

The patient’s asthma should be reasonably stable before treatment with QVAR is started.

Initially, QVAR should be used concurrently with the patient’s usual maintenance dose of systemic corticosteroids.

After approximately one week, gradual withdrawal of the systemic corticosteroids is started by reducing the daily or alternate daily dose.

Reductions may be made after an interval of one or two weeks, depending on the response of the patient.

A slow rate of withdrawal is strongly recommended.

Generally these decrements should not exceed 2.5 mg of prednisone or its equivalent.

During withdrawal, some patients may experience symptoms of systemic corticosteroid withdrawal, e.g.

joint and/or muscular pain, lassitude and depression, despite maintenance or even improvement in pulmonary function.

Such patients should be encouraged to continue with the inhaler but should be monitored for objective signs of adrenal insufficiency.

If evidence of adrenal insufficiency occurs, the systemic corticosteroid doses should be increased temporarily and thereafter withdrawal should continue more slowly.

During periods of stress or a severe asthma attack, transfer patients may require supplementary treatment with systemic corticosteroids.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE Illustrated Patient’s Instructions for proper use accompany each package of QVAR.

Azithromycin 500 MG Oral Tablet 3 Count Pack

DRUG INTERACTIONS

7 Nelfinavir: Close monitoring for known adverse reactions of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted.

( 7.1 ) Warfarin: Use with azithromycin may increase coagulation times; monitor prothrombin time.

( 7.2 ) 7.1 Nelfinavir Co-administration of nelfinavir at steady-state with a single oral dose of azithromycin resulted in increased azithromycin serum concentrations.

Although a dose adjustment of azithromycin is not recommended when administered in combination with nelfinavir, close monitoring for known adverse reactions of azithromycin, such as liver enzyme abnormalities and hearing impairment, is warranted.

[see ADVERSE REACTIONS ( 6 )] 7.2 Warfarin Spontaneous postmarketing reports suggest that concomitant administration of azithromycin may potentiate the effects of oral anticoagulants such as warfarin, although the prothrombin time was not affected in the dedicated drug interaction study with azithromycin and warfarin.

Prothrombin times should be carefully monitored while patients are receiving azithromycin and oral anticoagulants concomitantly.

7.3 Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Macrolides Interactions with digoxin or phenytoin have not been reported in clinical trials with azithromycin; however, no specific drug interaction studies have been performed to evaluate potential drug-drug interactions.

However, drug interactions have been observed with other macrolide products.

Until further data are developed regarding drug interactions when digoxin or phenytoin are used concomitantly with azithromycin careful monitoring of patients is advised.

OVERDOSAGE

10 Adverse reactions experienced at higher than recommended doses were similar to those seen at normal doses particularly nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting.

In the event of overdosage, general symptomatic and supportive measures are indicated as required.

DESCRIPTION

11 Azithromycin tablets USP contain the active ingredient azithromycin, a macrolide antibacterial drug, for oral administration.

Azithromycin has the chemical name (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-13-[(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl) oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one.

Azithromycin is derived from erythromycin; however, it differs chemically from erythromycin in that a methyl-substituted nitrogen atom is incorporated into the lactone ring.

Its molecular formula is C 38 H 72 N 2 O 12 , and its molecular weight is 749.00.

Azithromycin has the following structural formula: Azithromycin, as the monohydrate, is a white to almost white crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C 38 H 72 N 2 O 12 •H 2 O and a molecular weight of 767.00.

Azithromycin is supplied as tablets containing azithromycin monohydrate equivalent to either 250 mg or 500 mg azithromycin and the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, dibasic calcium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide, triacetin and D&C Red #30.

Organic Impurities Test Pending.

Structure

CLINICAL STUDIES

14 14.1 Adult Patients Acute Bacterial Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis In a randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB), azithromycin (500 mg once daily for 3 days) was compared with clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily for 10 days).

The primary endpoint of this trial was the clinical cure rate at Days 21 to 24.

For the 304 patients analyzed in the modified intent-to-treat analysis at the Days 21 to 24 visit, the clinical cure rate for 3 days of azithromycin was 85% (125/147) compared to 82% (129/157) for 10 days of clarithromycin.

The following outcomes were the clinical cure rates at the Days 21 to 24 visit for the bacteriologically evaluable patients by pathogen: Pathogen Azithromycin ( 3 Days ) Clarithromycin ( 10 Days ) S .

pneumoniae 29/32 (91%) 21/27 (78%) H .

influenzae 12/14 (86%) 14/16 (88%) M .

catarrhalis 11/12 (92%) 12/15 (80%) Acute Bacterial Sinusitis In a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled clinical trial of acute bacterial sinusitis, azithromycin (500 mg once daily for 3 days) was compared with amoxicillin/clavulanate (500/125 mg three times a day for 10 days).

Clinical response assessments were made at Day 10 and Day 28.

The primary endpoint of this trial was prospectively defined as the clinical cure rate at Day 28.

For the 594 patients analyzed in the modified intent to treat analysis at the Day 10 visit, the clinical cure rate for 3 days of azithromycin was 88% (268/303) compared to 85% (248/291) for 10 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate.

For the 586 patients analyzed in the modified intent to treat analysis at the Day 28 visit, the clinical cure rate for 3 days of azithromycin was 71.5% (213/298) compared to 71.5% (206/288), with a 97.5% confidence interval of –8.4 to 8.3, for 10 days of amoxicillin/clavulanate.

In an open label, non-comparative study requiring baseline transantral sinus punctures, the following outcomes were the clinical success rates at the Day 7 and Day 28 visits for the modified intent to treat patients administered 500 mg of azithromycin once daily for 3 days with the following pathogens: Clinical Success Rates of Azithromycin (500 mg per day for 3 Days) Pathogen Day 7 Day 28 S .

pneumoniae 23/26 (88%) 21/25 (84%) H .

influenzae 28/32 (87%) 24/32 (75%) M .

catarrhalis 14/15 (93%) 13/15 (87%) 14.2 Pediatric Patients From the perspective of evaluating pediatric clinical trials, Days 11 to 14 were considered on-therapy evaluations because of the extended half-life of azithromycin.

Days 11 to 14 data are provided for clinical guidance.

Days 24 to 32 evaluations were considered the primary test of cure endpoint.

Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis In three double-blind controlled studies, conducted in the United States, azithromycin (12 mg/kg once a day for 5 days) was compared to penicillin V (250 mg three times a day for 10 days) in the treatment of pharyngitis due to documented Group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS or S.

pyogenes ).

Azithromycin was clinically and microbiologically statistically superior to penicillin at Day 14 and Day 30 with the following clinical success (i.e., cure and improvement) and bacteriologic efficacy rates (for the combined evaluable patient with documented GABHS): Three U.S.

Streptococcal Pharyngitis Studies Azithromycin vs.

Penicillin V EFFICACY RESULTS Day 14 Day 30 Bacteriologic Eradication : Azithromycin 323/340 (95%) 255/330 (77%) Penicillin V 242/332 (73%) 206/325 (63%) Clinical Success ( cure plus improvement ): Azithromycin 336/343 (98%) 310/330 (94%) Penicillin V 284/338 (84%) 241/325 (74%) Approximately 1% of azithromycin-susceptible S.

pyogenes isolates were resistant to azithromycin following therapy.

Acute Otitis Media Efficacy using azithromycin given over 5 days (10 mg/kg on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg on Days 2 to 5): Trial 1 In a double-blind, controlled clinical study of acute otitis media performed in the United States, azithromycin (10 mg/kg on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg on Days 2 to 5) was compared to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (4:1).

For the 553 patients who were evaluated for clinical efficacy, the clinical success rate (i.e., cure plus improvement) at the Day 11 visit was 88% for azithromycin and 88% for the control agent.

For the 521 patients who were evaluated at the Day 30 visit, the clinical success rate was 73% for azithromycin and 71% for the control agent.

Trial 2 In a non-comparative clinical and microbiologic trial performed in the United States, where significant rates of beta-lactamase producing organisms (35%) were found, 131 patients were evaluable for clinical efficacy.

The combined clinical success rate (i.e., cure and improvement) at the Day 11 visit was 84% for azithromycin.

For the 122 patients who were evaluated at the Day 30 visit, the clinical success rate was 70% for azithromycin.

Microbiologic determinations were made at the pre-treatment visit.

Microbiology was not reassessed at later visits.

The following clinical success rates were obtained from the evaluable group: Day 11 Day 30 Pathogen Azithromycin Azithromycin S .

pneumoniae 61/74 (82%) 40/56 (71%) H .

influenzae 43/54 (80%) 30/47 (64%) M .

catarrhalis 28/35 (80%) 19/26 (73%) S .

pyogenes 11/11 (100%) 7/7 (100%) Overall 177/217 (82%) 97/137 (73%) Trial 3 In another controlled comparative clinical and microbiologic study of otitis media performed in the United States, azithromycin (10 mg/kg on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg on Days 2 to 5) was compared to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (4:1).

This study utilized two of the same investigators as Protocol 2 (above), and these two investigators enrolled 90% of the patients in Protocol 3.

For this reason, Protocol 3 was not considered to be an independent study.

Significant rates of beta-lactamase producing organisms (20%) were found.

Ninety-two (92) patients were evaluable for clinical and microbiologic efficacy.

The combined clinical success rate (i.e., cure and improvement) of those patients with a baseline pathogen at the Day 11 visit was 88% for azithromycin vs.

100% for control; at the Day 30 visit, the clinical success rate was 82% for azithromycin vs.

80% for control.

Microbiologic determinations were made at the pre-treatment visit.

Microbiology was not reassessed at later visits.

At the Day 11 and Day 30 visits, the following clinical success rates were obtained from the evaluable group: Day 11 Day 30 Pathogen Azithromycin Control Azithromycin Control S .

pneumoniae 25/29 (86%) 26/26 (100%) 22/28 (79%) 18/22 (82%) H .

influenzae 9/11 (82%) 9/9 (100%) 8/10 (80%) 6/8 (75%) M .

catarrhalis 7/7 (100%) 5/5 (100%) 5/5 (100%) 2/3 (66%) S .

pyogenes 2/2 (100%) 5/5 (100%) 2/2 (100%) 4/4 (100%) Overall 43/49 (88%) 45/45 (100%) 37/45 (82%) 30/37 (81%) Efficacy using azithromycin given over 3 days (10 mg/kg/day): Trial 4 In a double-blind, controlled, randomized clinical study of acute otitis media in pediatric patients from 6 months to 12 years of age, azithromycin (10 mg/kg per day for 3 days) was compared to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (7:1) in divided doses q12h for 10 days.

Each patient received active drug and placebo matched for the comparator.

For the 366 patients who were evaluated for clinical efficacy at the Day 12 visit, the clinical success rate (i.e., cure plus improvement) was 83% for azithromycin and 88% for the control agent.

For the 362 patients who were evaluated at the Days 24 to 28 visit, the clinical success rate was 74% for azithromycin and 69% for the control agent.

Efficacy using azithromycin 30 mg/kg given as a single dose: Trial 5 A double-blind, controlled, randomized trial was performed at nine clinical centers.

Pediatric patients from 6 months to 12 years of age were randomized 1:1 to treatment with either azithromycin (given at 30 mg/kg as a single dose on Day 1) or amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (7:1), divided q12h for 10 days.

Each child received active drug, and placebo matched for the comparator.

Clinical response (Cure, Improvement, Failure) was evaluated at End of Therapy (Days 12 to 16) and Test of Cure (Days 28 to 32).

Safety was evaluated throughout the trial for all treated subjects.

For the 321 subjects who were evaluated at End of Treatment, the clinical success rate (cure plus improvement) was 87% for azithromycin, and 88% for the comparator.

For the 305 subjects who were evaluated at Test of Cure, the clinical success rate was 75% for both azithromycin and the comparator.

Trial 6 In a non-comparative clinical and microbiological trial, 248 patients from 6 months to 12 years of age with documented acute otitis media were dosed with a single oral dose of azithromycin (30 mg/kg on Day 1).

For the 240 patients who were evaluable for clinical modified Intent-to-Treat (MITT) analysis, the clinical success rate (i.e., cure plus improvement) at Day 10 was 89% and for the 242 patients evaluable at Days 24 to 28, the clinical success rate (cure) was 85%.

Presumed Bacteriologic Eradication Day 10 Days 24 – 28 S .

pneumoniae 70/76 (92%) 67/76 (88%) H .

influenzae 30/42 (71%) 28/44 (64%) M .

catarrhalis 10/10 (100%) 10/10 (100%) Overall 110/128 (86%) 105/130 (81%)

HOW SUPPLIED

16 /STORAGE AND HANDLING Product: 50090-2407

RECENT MAJOR CHANGES

Warnings and Precautions, Hypersensitivity ( 5.1 ) 3/2017 Warnings and Precautions, Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ( 5.3 ) 2/2017

GERIATRIC USE

8.5 Geriatric Use In multiple-dose clinical trials of oral azithromycin, 9% of patients were at least 65 years of age (458/4949) and 3% of patients (144/4949) were at least 75 years of age.

No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in response between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

Elderly patients may be more susceptible to development of torsades de pointes arrhythmias than younger patients .

[see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ( 5.4 )]

DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

3 Azithromycin tablets, 250 mg and 500 mg ( 3 ) Azithromycin Tablets, 250 mg are supplied as pink, oval shaped film-coated tablets, engraved with “LU” on one side and “L11” on the other side containing azithromycin monohydrate USP equivalent to 250 mg of azithromycin USP.

Azithromycin Tablets, 500 mg are supplied as pink, oval shaped film-coated tablets, engraved with “LU” on one side and “L12” on the other side containing azithromycin monohydrate USP equivalent to 500 mg of azithromycin USP.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

12.1 Mechanism of Action Azithromycin is a macrolide antibacterial drug.

[see Microbiology ( 12.4 )]

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

1 Azithromycin tablets are a macrolide antibacterial drug indicated for mild to moderate infections caused by designated, susceptible bacteria: Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in adults ( 1.1 ) Acute bacterial sinusitis in adults ( 1.1 ) Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections in adults ( 1.1 ) Urethritis and cervicitis in adults ( 1.1 ) Genital ulcer disease in men ( 1.1 ) Acute otitis media in pediatric patients ( 1.2 ) Community-acquired pneumonia in adults and pediatric patients ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) Pharyngitis/tonsillitis in adults and pediatric patients ( 1.1 , 1.2 ) Limitation of Use: Azithromycin should not be used in patients with pneumonia who are judged to be inappropriate for oral therapy because of moderate to severe illness or risk factors.

( 1.3 ) To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of azithromycin tablets and other antibacterial drugs, azithromycin tablets should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria.

( 1.4 ) Azithromycin tablets are a macrolide antibacterial drug indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions listed below.

Recommended dosages and durations of therapy in adult and pediatric patient populations vary in these indications.

[see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ( 2 )] 1.1 Adult Patients Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis due to Haemophilus influenzae , Moraxella catarrhalis, or Streptococcus pneumoniae .

Acute bacterial sinusitis due to Haemophilus influenzae , Moraxella catarrhalis or Streptococcus pneumoniae .

Community-acquired pneumonia due to Chlamydophila pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients appropriate for oral therapy.

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes as an alternative to first-line therapy in individuals who cannot use first-line therapy.

Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections due to Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , or Streptococcus agalactiae .

Urethritis and cervicitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae .

Genital ulcer disease in men due to Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid).

Due to the small number of women included in clinical trials, the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of chancroid in women has not been established.

1.2 Pediatric Patients [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS ( 8.4 ) and CLINICAL STUDIES ( 14.2 )] Acute otitis media ( >6 months of age) caused by Haemophilus influenzae , Moraxella catarrhalis, or Streptococcus pneumoniae Community-acquired pneumonia ( >6 months of age) due to Chlamydophila pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , Mycoplasma pneumonia , or Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients appropriate for oral therapy.

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis (>2 years of age) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes as an alternative to first-line therapy in individuals who cannot use first-line therapy.

1.3 Limitations of Use Azithromycin should not be used in patients with pneumonia who are judged to be inappropriate for oral therapy because of moderate to severe illness or risk factors such as any of the following: patients with cystic fibrosis, patients with nosocomial infections, patients with known or suspected bacteremia, patients requiring hospitalization, elderly or debilitated patients, or patients with significant underlying health problems that may compromise their ability to respond to their illness (including immunodeficiency or functional asplenia).

1.4 Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of azithromycin and other antibacterial drugs, azithromycin should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria.

When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy.

In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

PEDIATRIC USE

8.4 Pediatric Use [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ( 12.3 ), INDICATIONS AND USAGE ( 1.2 ), and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION ( 2.2 )] Safety and effectiveness in the treatment of pediatric patients with acute otitis media, acute bacterial sinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia under 6 months of age have not been established.

Use of azithromycin for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia in pediatric patients (6 months of age or greater) is supported by adequate and well-controlled trials in adults Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis Safety and effectiveness in the treatment of pediatric patients with pharyngitis/tonsillitis under 2 years of age have not been established.

PREGNANCY

8.1 Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category B: Reproduction studies have been performed in rats and mice at doses up to moderately maternally toxic dose concentrations (i.e., 200 mg/kg/day).

These daily doses in rats and mice, based on body surface area, are estimated to be 4 and 2 times, respectively, an adult daily dose of 500 mg.

In the animal studies, no evidence of harm to the fetus due to azithromycin was found.

There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, azithromycin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

NUSRING MOTHERS

8.3 Nursing Mothers Azithromycin has been reported to be excreted in human breast milk in small amounts.

Caution should be exercised when azithromycin is administered to a nursing woman.

WARNING AND CAUTIONS

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious (including fatal) allergic and skin reactions: Discontinue azithromycin if reaction occurs.

( 5.1 ) Hepatotoxicity: Severe, and sometimes fatal, hepatotoxicity has been reported, Discontinue azithromycin immediately if signs and symptoms of hepatitis occur.

( 5.2 ) Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS): Following the use of azithromycin in neonates (treatment up to 42 days of life), IHPS has been reported.

Direct parents and caregivers to contact their physician if vomiting or irritability with feeding occurs.

( 5.3 ) Prolongation of QT interval and cases of torsades de pointes have been reported.

This risk which can be fatal should be considered in patients with certain cardiovascular disorders including known QT prolongation or history torsades de pointes, those with proarrhythmic conditions, and with other drugs that prolong the QT interval.

( 5.4 ) Clostridium difficile -Associated Diarrhea: Evaluate patients if diarrhea occurs.

( 5.5 ) Azithromycin may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis.

( 5.6 ) 5.1 Hypersensitivity Serious allergic reactions, including angioedema, anaphylaxis, and dermatologic reactions including Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP) Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported in patients on azithromycin therapy.

[see CONTRAINDICATIONS ( 4.1 )] Fatalities have been reported.

Cases of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) have also been reported.

Despite initially successful symptomatic treatment of the allergic symptoms, when symptomatic therapy was discontinued, the allergic symptoms recurred soon thereafter in some patients without further azithromycin exposure.

These patients required prolonged periods of observation and symptomatic treatment.

The relationship of these episodes to the long tissue half-life of azithromycin and subsequent prolonged exposure to antigen is presently unknown.

If an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate therapy should be instituted.

Physicians should be aware that allergic symptoms may reappear when symptomatic therapy has been discontinued.

5.2 Hepatotoxicity Abnormal liver function, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatic necrosis, and hepatic failure have been reported, some of which have resulted in death.

Discontinue azithromycin immediately if signs and symptoms of hepatitis occur.

5.3 Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) Following the use of azithromycin in neonates (treatment up to 42 days of life), IHPS has been reported.

Direct parents and caregivers to contact their physician if vomiting or irritability with feeding occurs.

5.4 QT Prolongation Prolonged cardiac repolarization and QT interval, imparting a risk of developing cardiac arrhythmia and torsades de pointes, have been seen with treatment with macrolides, including azithromycin.

Cases of torsades de pointes have been spontaneously reported during postmarketing surveillance in patients receiving azithromycin.

Providers should consider the risk of QT prolongation which can be fatal when weighing the risks and benefits of azithromycin for at-risk groups including: patients with known prolongation of the QT interval, a history of torsades de pointes, congenital long QT syndrome, bradyarrhythmias or uncompensated heart failure patients on drugs known to prolong the QT interval patients with ongoing proarrhythmic conditions such as uncorrected hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia, clinically significant bradycardia, and in patients receiving Class IA (quinidine, procainamide) or Class III (dofetilide, amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic agents.

Elderly patients may be more susceptible to drug-associated effects on the QT interval.

5.5 Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including azithromycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis.

Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon, leading to overgrowth of C.

difficile .

C.

difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD.

Hypertoxin producing strains of C.

difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antibacterial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C.

difficile may need to be discontinued.

Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

5.6 Exacerbation of Myasthenia Gravis Exacerbation of symptoms of myasthenia gravis and new onset of myasthenic syndrome have been reported in patients receiving azithromycin therapy.

5.7 Use in Sexually Transmitted Disease Azithromycin, at the recommended dose, should not be relied upon to treat syphilis.

Antibacterial agents used to treat non-gonococcal urethritis may mask or delay the symptoms of incubating syphilis.

All patients with sexually transmitted urethritis or cervicitis should have a serologic test for syphilis and appropriate testing for gonorrhea performed at the time of diagnosis.

Appropriate antibacterial therapy and follow-up tests for these diseases should be initiated if infection is confirmed.

5.8 Development of Drug-Resistant Bacteria Prescribing azithromycin in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION General Patient Counseling Azithromycin tablets can be taken with or without food.

Patients should also be cautioned not to take aluminum-and magnesium-containing antacids and azithromycin simultaneously.

The patient should be directed to discontinue azithromycin immediately and contact a physician if any signs of an allergic reaction occur.

Direct parents or caregivers to contact their physician if vomiting and irritability with feeding occurs in the infant.

Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs including azithromycin should only be used to treat bacterial infections.

They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold).

When azithromycin is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of the therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed.

Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by azithromycin or other antibacterial drugs in the future.

Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibacterials which usually ends when the antibacterial is discontinued.

Sometimes after starting treatment with antibacterials patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as two or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibacterial drug.

If this occurs, patients should contact their physician as soon as possible.

See FDA-approved Patient Labeling Manufactured for: Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Baltimore, Maryland 21202 United States Manufactured by: Lupin Limited Goa – 403722 India Revised: June 2017 ID#: 251721

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2 Adult Patients ( 2.1 ) Infection Recommended Dose / Duration of Therapy Community-acquired pneumonia (mild severity) Pharyngitis/tonsillitis (second-line therapy) Skin/skin structure (uncomplicated) 500 mg as a single dose on Day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily on Days 2 through 5.

Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (mild to moderate) 500 mg as a single dose on Day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily on Days 2 through 5 or 500 mg once daily for 3 days.

Acute bacterial sinusitis 500 mg once daily for 3 days.

Genital ulcer disease (chancroid) Non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis One single 1 gram dose.

Gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis One single 2 gram dose.

Pediatric Patients ( 2.2 ) Infection Recommended Dose / Duration of Therapy Acute otitis media 30 mg/kg as a single dose or 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days or 10 mg/kg as a single dose on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg/day on Days 2 through 5.

Acute bacterial sinusitis 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days.

Community-acquired pneumonia 10 mg/kg as a single dose on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg once daily on Days 2 through 5.

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis 12 mg/kg once daily for 5 days.

2.1 Adult Patients [see INDICATIONS AND USAGE ( 1.1 ) and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ( 12.3 )] Infection * Recommended Dose / Duration of Therapy Community-acquired pneumonia Pharyngitis/tonsillitis (second-line therapy) Skin/skin structure (uncomplicated) 500 mg as a single dose on Day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily on Days 2 through 5 Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 500 mg once daily for 3 days OR 500 mg as a single dose on Day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily on Days 2 through 5 Acute bacterial sinusitis 500 mg-once daily for 3 days Genital ulcer disease (chancroid) One single 1 gram dose Non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis One single 1 gram dose Gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis One single 2 gram dose *DUE TO THE INDICATED ORGANISMS [see INDICATIONS AND USAGE ( 1.1 )] Azithromycin tablets can be taken with or without food.

2.2 Pediatric Patients Infection * Recommended Dose / Duration of Therapy Acute otitis media 30 mg/kg as a single dose or 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days or 10 mg/kg as a single dose on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg/day on Days 2 through 5.

Acute bacterial sinusitis 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days.

Community-acquired pneumonia 10 mg/kg as a single dose on Day 1 followed by 5 mg/kg once daily on Days 2 through 5.

Pharyngitis/tonsillitis 12 mg/kg once daily for 5 days.

*DUE TO THE INDICATED ORGANISMS [see INDICATIONS AND USAGE ( 1.2 )] 1 see dosing tables below for maximum doses evaluated by indication Azithromycin for oral suspension can be taken with or without food.

PEDIATRIC DOSAGE GUIDELINES FOR OTITIS MEDIA, ACUTE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS, AND COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA(Age 6 months and above, [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.4)])Based on Body Weight * Effectiveness of the 3-day or 1-day regimen in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia has not been established.

OTITIS MEDIA AND COMMUNITY – ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA : ( 5 – Day Regimen )* Dosing Calculated on 10 mg / kg / day Day 1 and 5 mg / kg / day Days 2 to 5 .

Weight 100 mg / 5 mL 200 mg / 5 mL Kg Lbs .

Day 1 Days 2 to 5 Day 1 Days 2 to 5 Total mL per Treatment Course Total mg per Treatment Course 5 11 2.5 mL; (½ tsp) 1.25 mL; (¼ tsp) 7.5 mL 150 mg 10 22 5 mL; (1tsp) 2.5 mL; (½ tsp) 15 mL 300 mg 20 44 5 mL; (1 tsp) 2.5 mL; (½ tsp) 15 mL 600 mg 30 66 7.5 mL; (1½ tsp) 3.75 mL; (¾ tsp) 22.5 mL 900 mg 40 88 10 mL; (2 tsp) 5 mL; (1 tsp) 30 mL 1200 mg 50 and above 110 and above 12.5 mL; (2½ tsp) 6.25 mL; (1¼ tsp) 37.5 mL 1500 mg * Effectiveness of the 5-day or 1-day regimen in pediatric patients with acute bacterial sinusitis has not been established.

OTITIS MEDIA AND ACUTE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS : ( 3 – Day Regimen )* Dosing Calculated on 10 mg / kg / day .

Weight 100 mg / 5 mL 200 mg / 5 mL Kg Lbs .

Days 1 to 3 Days 1 to 3 Total mL per Treatment Course Total mg per Treatment Course 5 11 2.5 mL; (1/2 tsp) 7.5 mL 150 mg 10 22 5 mL; (1 tsp) 15 mL 300 mg 20 44 5 mL (1 tsp) 15 mL 600 mg 30 66 7.5 mL (1½ tsp) 22.5 mL 900 mg 40 88 10 mL (2 tsp) 30 mL 1200 mg 50 and above 110 and above 12.5 mL (2 ½ tsp) 37.5 mL 1500 mg OTITIS MEDIA : ( 1 – Day Regimen ) Dosing Calculated on 30 mg / kg as a single dose .

Weight 200 mg / 5 mL Kg Lbs .

1 – Day Regimen Total mL per Treatment Course Total mg per Treatment Course 5 11 3.75 mL;(3/4 tsp) 3.75 mL 150 mg 10 22 7.5 mL;(1½ tsp) 7.5 mL 300 mg 20 44 15 mL;(3 tsp) 15 mL 600 mg 30 66 22.5 mL;(4½ tsp) 22.5 mL 900 mg 40 88 30 mL;(6 tsp) 30 mL 1200 mg 50 and above 110 and above 37.5 mL;(7½ tsp) 37.5 mL 1500 mg The safety of re-dosing azithromycin in pediatric patients who vomit after receiving 30 mg/kg as a single dose has not been established.

In clinical studies involving 487 patients with acute otitis media given a single 30 mg/kg dose of azithromycin, 8 patients who vomited within 30 minutes of dosing were re-dosed at the same total dose.

Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis The recommended dose of azithromycin for children with pharyngitis/tonsillitis is 12 mg/kg once daily for 5 days.

(See chart below.) PEDIATRIC DOSAGE GUIDELINES FOR PHARYNGITIS/TONSILLITIS(Age 2 years and above, [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.4)])Based on Body Weight PHARYNGITIS / TONSILLITIS : ( 5 – Day Regimen ) Dosing Calculated on 12 mg / kg / day for 5 days .

Weight 200 mg / 5 mL Kg Lbs .

Day 1 to 5 Total mL per Treatment Course Total mg per Treatment Course 8 18 2.5 mL; (½ tsp) 12.5 mL 500 mg 17 37 5 mL; (1 tsp) 25 mL 1000 mg 25 55 7.5 mL; (1½ tsp) 37.5 mL 1500 mg 33 73 10 mL; (2 tsp) 50 mL 2000 mg 40 88 12.5 mL; (2½ tsp) 62.5 mL 2500 mg Constituting instructions for azithromycin oral suspension 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg bottles.

The table below indicates the volume of water to be used for constitution: Amount of water to be added Total volume after constitution ( azithromycin content ) Azithromycin concentration after constitution 9 mL (300 mg) 15 mL (300 mg) 100 mg/5 mL 9 mL (600 mg) 15 mL (600 mg) 200 mg/5 mL 12 mL (900 mg) 22.5 mL (900 mg) 200 mg/5 mL 15 mL (1200 mg) 30 mL (1200 mg) 200 mg/5 mL Shake well before each use.

Oversized bottle provides shake space.

Keep tightly closed.

After mixing, store suspension at 5° to 30°C (41° to 86°F) and use within 10 days.

Discard after full dosing is completed.

Mucinex 20 MG/ML Oral Solution

WARNINGS

Warnings Ask a doctor before use if the child has cough that occurs with too much phlegm (mucus) persistent or chronic cough such as occurs with asthma Stop use and ask a doctor if cough lasts more than 7 days, comes back, or occurs with fever, rash, or persistent headache.

These could be signs of a serious illness.

Keep out of reach of children.

In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Uses helps loosen phlegm (mucus) and thin bronchial secretions to rid the bronchial passageways of bothersome mucus and make coughs more productive

INACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Inactive ingredients acesulfame potassium, anhydrous citric acid, FD&C blue #1, FD&C red #40, flavor, glycerin, maltitol, propylene glycol, purified water, saccharin sodium, sodium benzoate, sorbitol, sucralose, xanthan gum

PURPOSE

Purpose Expectorant

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

Keep out of reach of children.

In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

ASK DOCTOR

Ask a doctor before use if the child has cough that occurs with too much phlegm (mucus) persistent or chronic cough such as occurs with asthma

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Directions do not take more than 6 doses in any 24-hour period measure only with dosing cup provided do not use dosing cup with other products mL = milliliter Age Dose children 6 years to under 12 years 5 mL – 10 mL every 4 hours children 4 years to under 6 years 2.5 mL – 5 mL every 4 hours children under 4 years do not use

STOP USE

Stop use and ask a doctor if cough lasts more than 7 days, comes back, or occurs with fever, rash, or persistent headache.

These could be signs of a serious illness.

ACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Active ingredient (in each 5 mL) Guaifenesin, USP 100 mg

Tums Chewy Delights 1177 MG (Ca 470 MG) Chewable Tablet

Generic Name: CALCIUM CARBONATE
Brand Name: Tums Chewy Delights
  • Substance Name(s):
  • CALCIUM CARBONATE

WARNINGS

Warnings Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are presently taking a prescription drug.

Antacids may interact with certain prescription drugs.

When using this product • do not take more than 6 chews in 24 hours • if pregnant, do not take more than 4 chews in 24 hours • do not use the maximum dosage for more than 2 weeks except under the advice and supervision of a doctor Keep out of reach of children.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Uses Relieves: • heartburn • sour stomach • acid indigestion • upset stomach associated with these symptoms

INACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Inactive ingredients (Smooth Peppermint) corn starch, corn syrup, corn syrup solids, FD&C blue #1, flavors, glycerin, gum arabic, hydrogenated coconut oil, non-fat dairy milk, potassium sorbate, propylene glycol, soy lecithin, sucrose

PURPOSE

Purpose Antacid

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

Keep out of reach of children.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Directions • adults and children 12 years of age and over: chew and swallow 2-3 chews as symptoms occur, or as directed by a doctor • do not take for symptoms that persist for more than 2 weeks unless advised by a doctor

ACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Active ingredient (in each chew) Calcium carbonate USP 1177 mg

ASK DOCTOR OR PHARMACIST

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are presently taking a prescription drug.

Antacids may interact with certain prescription drugs.